Alkan, Halit
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Dr. Öğr. Üyesi
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Department of English Language and Literature / İngiliz Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü
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2ZERO HUNGER
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3GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING
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4QUALITY EDUCATION
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5GENDER EQUALITY
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6CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION
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7AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY
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8DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
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9INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE
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11SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES
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12RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION
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13CLIMATE ACTION
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14LIFE BELOW WATER
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15LIFE ON LAND
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16PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS
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Scholarly Output
32
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22
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347/796
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32
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| Journal | Count |
|---|---|
| RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi | 2 |
| RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies | 2 |
| Artuklu Human and Social Science Journal | 1 |
| Artuklu İnsan ve Toplum Bilim Dergisi | 1 |
| Contemporary Issues Series: Humanities and Literature | 1 |
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32 results
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Now showing 1 - 10 of 32
Article An Existentialist Approach to William Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet”(2021) Alkan, HalitExistentialism is the approach to define the human being not only as the thinking being but also as the acting and feeling human individual. In terms of Jean-Paul Sartre’s conception of freedom, one must let go of the past, make a choice, act on it, and then take its responsibility. This study aims to analyse William Shakespeare’s "Romeo and Juliet" in terms of existentialist approach, namely human’s existence of freedom which depends on the on-going relationships between the aspects of ‘being as a subject’ and ‘being as an object’. The play depicts the love between Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet who are the children of hostile families. At the beginning of the play, Romeo and Juliet are considered ‘being as an object’ because they accept an age-old blood feud between their families into which they are born. As an uninvited guest at a Capulet party, Romeo falls instantly in love with Juliet. After they learn to be the children of hostile families, they let go of the past and make free-choices by continuing to love each other, decide to marry and keep it in secret, so they become ‘being as a subject’. Then Romeo acts on his decision and attempts to halt a fight leading to the death of Juliet’s cousin for which Romeo is banished. In order not to marry her father’s choice of bridegroom, Juliet acts on her decision and fakes her own death to be reunited with Romeo. The message of her plot about the fake death fails to reach Romeo. Believing Juliet dead, Romeo takes the responsibility of his decision and drinks poison in her tomb. Juliet who wakes to find Romeo’s corpse beside her takes the responsibility of her decision and kills herself.Article A Transnational Approach to Salman Rushdie’s "Midnight’s Children"(2020) Alkan, HalitColonialism and post-colonialism have led to the development of transnationalism that is the interconnectivity among people and nation states in terms of the economic and social significance of boundaries. When transnational approach is applied to Salman Rushdie’s "Midnight’s Children" (1981), it allows researchers to analyse transnational impact on race, culture and gender not only in host countries but also in home countries. The traditional cultural heritage of India and British imperialism’s impact on Indian society are told through dual identities of the narrator Saleem Sinai who has double parents. Saleem’s grandfather, Aadam Aziz, a Western-trained physician, scorns his wife Naseem who could not notice the difference between mercurochrome and blood stains. As a traditional Indian wife Naseem’s response to the immoral sexual desires of her husband who has adopted the Western culture is a reaction to British cultural environment in India. Saleem’s mother Amina’s cultural conflict caused by colonialism is emphasized because she has to carry on her traditional culture-specific daily habits in her new house bought from a colonialist without changing the order established by Methwold. Despite gaining their independence, Indians cannot get rid of the impact of British colonialism. In terms of transnationalism, Indians are considered as undeveloped, ignorant and wild by British.Article A Structuralist Analysis of William Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet”(2021) Alkan, HalitStructuralism is an approach that defines the relationship between the part and the whole. This study aims to analyse William Shakespeare’s "Romeo and Juliet" in terms of the structuralist approach. In the surface structure, there is love between Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet who are the children of hostile families. In terms of syntagmatic relation, Romeo and Juliet fall in love with each other, decide to marry and keep it in secret. In terms of paradigmatic relation, there is homology of relationship between the two hostile families. As for the surface structure, there is a symmetrical arrangement of plot between public scenes and private scenes. As for the surface meaning, there is the thematic conflict between hatred and love. As for the deep structure, its harmony operates on binary opposition between public hatred and private love. Its melody operates on the fixed cycle of public hatred and private love. As for the deep meaning, where there is public hatred, private love is helpless. Love can live forever only when society is in peace.Book Part An Existentialist Approach to Jean-Paul Sartre’s "No Exit"(Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2020) Alkan, HalitExistentialism that began to be active in the 20th century is the approach to define the human being not only as the thinking being but also as the acting and feeling human individual. This study aims to analyse Jean-Paul Sartre’s "No Exit" (1944) in terms of existentialist approach, namely human’s existence of freedom which depends on the on-going relationships between the aspects of ‘being as a subject’ and ‘being as an object’. The play No Exit depicts the afterlife in which Joseph Garcin, Ines Serrano and Estelle Rigault are brought to the same room in hell. The ‘being as a subject’ of the three characters is judged by people on the earth and is reduced to the state of ‘being as an object’ which gets the unchangeable state by the judgment of others. Joseph will be remembered as a coward and Estelle as a pretty blonde who is the murderer of her child and crazy about money and males while nobody will remember Inez at all. They become the prisoners of each other in hell where the time is stable and where they are completely deprived of the freedom of existence of ‘being as a subject’ because they no longer have the opportunity to act and to change the thoughts about themselves. This imprisonment fixes them in the state of ‘being as an object’. The victim changes every time and there are two tortures against it. Therefore, they are both the torturers and the victims: Hell is other people.Article Spenser’ın Amoretti and Epithalamion Ve Shakespeare’in Sonnets Eserlerinde Zaman(2021) Alkan, Halitİtalya’da ortaya çıkan kısa ve yüksek düzeyde yapılandırılmış şiirsel bir biçim olan sone, Elizabeth döneminde sevilen, idealize edilmiş bir bayana aşk soneleri yazmak için gelişir. Bu çalışma, Edmund Spenser’ın Amoretti ve Epithalamion ve William Shakespeare’in Sonnets eserlerinde zaman temasını ele alır. Spenser Amoretti eserinde son kırk bir yıllık yaşamını yansıtan yılbaşı kutlamalarını ele alır. Spenser Epithalamion eserinde şafaktan düğün gecesine kadar günün saatlerini, bir yıldaki günlere karşılık gelen 365 uzun satırlarda bir yılın geçişini kapsayan bir kayıt tutar. İçeriği, gençliğin heyecanından orta yaş endişelerine doğru ilerler, mutlu bir gün için büyük umutlarla başlayıp konuşmacının gelecek nesillere bıraktığı mirasın kaydıyla biter. Spenser mısralarında zaman akışını dondurarak engellemeye çalışır. Shakespeare Sonnets eserinde, anlatıcının, güzelliğinin gelecek nesiller için güvence altına alınabilmesi amacıyla güzel efendiye çocuğunu doğuracak bir kadın bulması için yalvarmasıyla başlar. Şair, zamanın tahribatından ve güzel efendinin güzelliği üzerindeki zararlı etkilerinden şikayet eder ve güzel efendiyi mükemmelliğini bir çocuğa aktarmaya zorlayarak bu kaçınılmaz sonuçla savaşmaya çalışır. Şair, zamanı, ıstırabın bir boyutu olarak tanımlar ve güzel efendiden kendisini terk etmesini ister. Sonuç olarak zaman, hem öngörülemeyen değişim ve fırsatların başa çıkılamayan bir gücü hem de kişisel olmayan kaygı verici bir etken olarak tanımlanır.Article A Structuralist Analysis of Jean-Paul Sartre’s "The Flies"(Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi, 2016) Alkan, HalitStructuralism that began to be active in the 1950’s is the approach to define the relationship between the part and the whole. This article provides the phases of linguistics that form the source of structuralism, theory and applications of structuralism and its terminology. This article mainly deals with a structuralist analysis of Jean-Paul Sartre’s "The Flies". The surface structure of The Flies mirrors Sartre’s conception of the structure of freedom. In order to recognize one’s freedom, one must let go of the past like in Act I, make a choice like in Act II Scene I, act on it like in Act II Scene II, and then take its responsibility like in Act III. The surface meaning of the play is that human must accept the past for what it was, for the real events that they did or didn’t do, what they wished and desired and hated. Only then can they choose how the past will decide their future. Only those people who choose, act on it, and accept its responsibility can be free. Bemoaning one’s existence and leaving it to the control of others removes freedom and responsibility. As for the deep structure of the play, its harmony operates on binary opposition between Orestes and Electra. As Orestes is a ‘being as a subject’ and free, he looks towards his future; however, as Electra is a ‘being as an object’ and not free, she sticks into the past. Its melody operates on the fixed cycle of the story of committing a sin and feeling guilt and remorse. The play ends but its melody continues because Electra will carry the darkness of the Furies with her in the form of guilt and remorse forever though they have physically left her alone. In terms of the deep meaning of the play, Orestes’s mission becomes an effort to show the Argives who are manipulated by external forces that they do not have to act like “guilty people” by showing them that they are already free - that they have always been free because they are human beings. Despite being physically confined, one has the freedom of mind which cannot be taken away to disobey external forces. No one has power over you until you give him or her that power.Book Charlotte Brontë’s "Shirley" A Dialectic Solution: Capitalist and feminist problematic(LAP LAMBERT Acadmic Publishing, 2022) Alkan, HalitThis book tries to find answers to the questions such as how Charlotte Brontë evaluated capitalism and feminism in her novel, "Shirley" (1849), whether she dealt with them in accordance to the characteristics of the 19th century Victorian Era or not, on which parameters she criticized capitalism and why she turned to feminism. As for the method the novel, Shirley is resolved on the basis of Marx’s dialectic approach consisting of thesis, antithesis and synthesis.Article A Liberal Feminist Approach to Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s "The Yellow Wallpaper"(2021) Alkan, HalitPatriarchal society gives legal rights and economic power to men only so that women are subject to men and imprisoned in private sphere. When women who are given only the role of a wife and mother begin to demand freedom and legal rights, the basis of feminism appears. This study applies liberal feminist approach to Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s "The Yellow Wallpaper" (1892) in order to analyse the gender roles in terms of patriarchal ideology of separate spheres. After giving birth to a baby, the narrator is diagnosed with hysteria by her husband John who is a physician. She is also prescribed a ‘rest cure’ for three months in the attic of an isolated house. The ‘rest cure’ causes her obsession with the yellow wallpaper and slowly drives her mad due to the limitation of thinking and of raising the consciousness of female in private sphere. To be imprisoned in a room may have enormous risks of disappointment, madness, and suicide. In order to limit a woman’s participation in the intellectual and public sphere, masculine science of nineteenth century’s patriarchal society converts ‘an angel in the house’ into ‘the madwoman in the attic’ under the name of ‘rest cure’. Gilman suggests that a woman can only free herself if her financial conditions are radically changed through finally installing a dialectical movement between private sphere and public sphere.Article Personification and Didactic Approach: "The Romance of the Rose"(2021) Alkan, HalitLove for God is the first love, but in reality first love is sensual love, and in this way Nature tries to maintain the continuation of the species. The theme of love, the main doctrine of Christianity, has an important place in medieval poems. This study examines "The Romance of the Rose" in terms of the personification tradition and didactic approach. The aforementioned work is the most original and lyrical work of European courtly literature written by two separate poets mentioned below in 1230 and 1280. In order to explain the art of love, Guillaume de Lorris portrays in an imaginary narrative the eternal love of the hero who tries to reunite his lover embodied in a rare rose in the middle of a rose garden. Jean de Meun adds a continuation section and an ending to the poem with the addendum of 17723 lines. In the aforementioned work, while de Lorris gives the person in love the stages of seeing, speaking, touching and kissing, and the work ends with the complaints of the lover, de Meun gives the last stage of sensual intercourse. It is completely unique to Medieval Age in terms of its external form, and the personification of feelings and love situations has been taken to the extreme. Without these personifications, the mind would not be able to understand the movements of the soul, and they are used as a scientific psychology terminology. In this work, love remains, in theory, courtiers and nobles. Courtly love is deceptive because the woman has power and control while the man is obedient. However, once the rose has been acquired, the game will be over. What gives this work its soul is the brutal underestimation of women’s weakness in de Meun, and its origin lies in this transcendental character of being sensual.Book Bildungsroman Tradition in English Literature(Livre de Lyon, 2023) Alkan, HalitThis book tries to reveal the unique characteristics of the English bildungsroman and to examine the change of the English bildungsroman tradition in three centuries by analysing these characteristics in Daniel Defoe’s "Moll Flanders" of the eighteenth century, George Eliot’s "The Mill on the Floss" of the nineteenth century, and James Joyce’s "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man" of the twentieth century.
