Di Gotinên Pêşiyan ên Kurdî de Navên Ajelan û Wateyên Wan.
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2025
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Abstract
Bir toplumu tanıtabilecek en temel eserler halk edebiyatı ürünü olan atasözleridir. Halkın binlerce yıllık denemeleri en çok iki üç yargılı bir tümceye dönüşerek içinden doğduğu toplumun kültürünü yansıtır. Kürt atasözleri de Kürt kültürünün ve dilinin aynasıdır. İnsanoğlunun tüm toplumları gibi Kürt halkı da kendi yaşamında bulunan her unsuru dil ürünü olan atasözlerine aktarmıştır. Doğada insan cinsi dışında insana en yakın varlıklar bitkiler ve hayvanlardır. Biz bu çalışmamızda içlerinde hayvan ismi barındıran Kürtçe atasözlerini zoolojik özelliklerine ve insan yaşamındaki konumlarına göre sınıflandıracağız. Sınıflandırmamızın ardından şu soruların cevaplarını arayacağız: Bu hayvanlar Kürt kültüründe nasıl tanımlanmıştır; nelere/kimlere nasıl benzetilmiştir veya neler/kimler onlara nasıl benzetilmiştir? bu hayvanlara hangi motifsel özellikler yüklenmiştir? Bu yanıtlara ulaşabilmek adına atasözleri derleme çalışması yapmak yerine basılı dergi ve kitaplardan ve internetten faydalandık. Çalışmamızı bu eserler üzerinden yürüttük. Bu eserlerde içeriğinde hayvan isimleri ihtiva eden binlere varan atasözüne rast geldik ancak aynı motif ve anlamları tekrarlamamak için bunlardan 820 tanesini seçtik. Çalışmamızda Kürt atasözlerinde geçen hayvan adlarının anlamlarını tespit edebilmek amacıyla atasözleri sözü edilen hayvanların zoolojik özelliklerine göre ve insan yaşamına olan uzaklık ve yakınlıklarına göre sınıflandırıldı. Atasözleri, her başlık altında kaynakçası, anlamı ve çıkarımlarıyla birlikte tablo içerisinde sunuldu. Hayvanların özellikleri ve değerlendirmelerimiz de her hayvan türü için ilgili başlık altında yorumlandı.
The most basic works that can introduce a society are proverbs, which are products of folk literature. The thousands of years of trials and experiences of the people are condensed into sentences that usually consist of two or three judgments, reflecting the culture of the society from which they originated. Kurdish proverbs, in particular, serve as a mirror of Kurdish culture and language. Like all human societies, the Kurdish people have transferred every element of their life into proverbs, which are linguistic products. In nature, apart from humans, plants and animals are the closest beings to human beings. In this study, we will classify Kurdish proverbs containing animal names based on their zoological characteristics and their position in human life. After this classification, we will seek to answer the following questions: How are these animals defined in Kurdish culture? What or who are they compared to, and what or who are compared to them? What symbolic characteristics are attributed to these animals? In order to reach these answers, we conducted our study based on published magazines, books, and internet sources instead of compiling proverbs directly. We found thousands of proverbs containing animal names in these sources, but to avoid repetition of similar motifs and meanings, we selected 820 of them. In our study, the meanings of the animal names in Kurdish proverbs were identified and classified according to the zoological characteristics of the animals mentioned and their proximity or distance to human life. The proverbs were presented in a table under each category, with their sources, meanings, and interpretations. The characteristics of the animals and our evaluations were also commented under the relevant heading for each animal species.
The most basic works that can introduce a society are proverbs, which are products of folk literature. The thousands of years of trials and experiences of the people are condensed into sentences that usually consist of two or three judgments, reflecting the culture of the society from which they originated. Kurdish proverbs, in particular, serve as a mirror of Kurdish culture and language. Like all human societies, the Kurdish people have transferred every element of their life into proverbs, which are linguistic products. In nature, apart from humans, plants and animals are the closest beings to human beings. In this study, we will classify Kurdish proverbs containing animal names based on their zoological characteristics and their position in human life. After this classification, we will seek to answer the following questions: How are these animals defined in Kurdish culture? What or who are they compared to, and what or who are compared to them? What symbolic characteristics are attributed to these animals? In order to reach these answers, we conducted our study based on published magazines, books, and internet sources instead of compiling proverbs directly. We found thousands of proverbs containing animal names in these sources, but to avoid repetition of similar motifs and meanings, we selected 820 of them. In our study, the meanings of the animal names in Kurdish proverbs were identified and classified according to the zoological characteristics of the animals mentioned and their proximity or distance to human life. The proverbs were presented in a table under each category, with their sources, meanings, and interpretations. The characteristics of the animals and our evaluations were also commented under the relevant heading for each animal species.
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Halk Bilimi (Folklor), Karşılaştırmalı Edebiyat, Atasözleri, Hayvan Adları, Hayvan Metaforları, Kurmanci Kürtçesi, Folklore, Comparative Literature, Proverbs, Animal Names, Animal Metaphors, Kurmanji Kurdish
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