The Practice of Ammi and Gge Biplot Analysis of Lentil Genotypes Assessment in Multi-Environment Trials

Abstract

Red Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) as a rich source of the breeding program is the most important crop in Turkey. The stability and adaptability of lentil genotypes are very significant for the program decisions to release new varieties. Genotype x Environment Interaction (GEI) and AMMI (Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) was used to make an estimation of the grain yield and to understand the GxE interaction patterns by examining the differential ranking of variety yields in multi-environment trials. Therefore, 6 lentil genotypes were used in the study. The experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design with 4 replications in 8 environments. The superiority of the genotypes was determined by the first two principal components (IPC1 and IPC2) and to create a two-dimensional GGE biplot. The sum of squares of the first two components were accounted by 58.07% and 19.80% for genotype x trait (GT), 44.89% and 24.14% for genotype x environment (GE), 59.86%, and 24.37% for environment x trait (ET), respectively. The GGE biplot indicated that two mega-environments occurred among environments. On the other hand, 4 groups occurred among the traits based on the genotypes and environments. The results showed that G1 has general adaptability for all environments, while G2 and G3 showed specific adaptation to E3, E6, and E7. According to the biplot techniques, G3 came forward with the majority traits, while G2 came forward with only high yielding ones. The results of the GGE biplot indicated that G3 is suitable to be recommended for release, G5 has desirable origins for yield stability, and E7 is valuable to the environment for its quality and can be used in the lentil breeding program. The study revealed that a GGE biplot graphically displays interrelationships between the test environments as well as in between genotypes and traits by visual comparisons.