The Influence of Mu'tazila According To Al-Zamakhshari on The Understanding of Hadith as Arabic Literature in Tafsir Al-Kashshaf as an Example

Abstract

There are still errors in responding to Arabic literature, especially the hadith of the prophet, starting from the wrong assessment of the hadith, then the fragmented understanding of the hadith based on abstract rational logic, ignoring the guidance of scholars in their context with other texts, or underestimating their scientific guidance and ending with making the hadith as an argument for the intellectual or doctrinal school of thought that is very influential in responding to the hadith of the prophet. This study aims to clarify Al-Zamakhshari's position on the hadith of the prophet in terms of understanding, conclusions, and assessments through his revealing interpretation. The research method used is the inductive method. When tracing the hadiths Al-Zamakhshari mentioned in his tafsir, a descriptive approach is used to explain Al-Zamakhshari's position on them, and then a critical approach is used. By presenting this, Al-Zamakhshari failed to understand, direct, and decide on the hadiths; in this case, he differed from the trusted great imams. The importance of this research in the field of the Arabic language lies in the fact that human thought can sometimes have a profound influence on directing the language of the text, especially when the word is one of those ambiguous terms that can have multiple meanings. However, the issue arises when choosing the more distant meaning rather than the closer one, which is supported and reinforced by other evidence, making it more appropriate than the distant meaning. The result is that al-Zamakhshari is one of the scholars influenced by the Mu'tazilah in responding to hadith, Since the Mu'tazilites sometimes interpret and direct the understanding of hadith based on linguistic choices they deem to be close, which in reality are distant, this leads to a perceived contradiction between the hadith and definitive texts. As a result, they reject the hadith based on this distant interpretation and understanding, as will be illustrated by examples.