Changes of scent components with animal manure and chemical fertilizer applications on Rosa damascena Mill.

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine the effect of animal manure and inorganic fertilizers on the scent composition of Rosa damascena Mill. in 2022. Animal manure (AM), nitrogen phosphate (NP 20-20-0), diammonium phosphate (DAP 18-46), monoammonium phosphate (MAP 24-61), and triple superphosphate (TSP) were used as fertilizers, along with a control group. Headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was utilized to analyze the volatile components of roses. Major components were heneicosane (15.89–27.76%), citronellol (8.90–18.30%), nonadecene (7.90–13.83%), geraniol (6.14–8.27%), nerol (3.03–6.90%), eicosane (1.13–7.85%), and germacrene-D (2.41–5.45%). The highest percentages of citronellol (18.3%), nerol (6.9%) and total terpenes (55.77%) were obtained by animal fertilization, while the highest percentage of long–chain (aliphatic) hydrocarbon (43.60%) was obtained by NP (20-20) fertilization. The control group had the greatest level of geraniol (8.27%), followed by applications of TSP and animal manure (7.39% and 7.20%, respectively). Methyl eugenol (ME) was most abundantly produced by TSP (0.85%), whereas it was least abundantly produced by the control group (0.13%). The closest ME (0.20%) to the control group was produced by animal manure application. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that animal fertilization used in organic agriculture enhances the quality of plant essential oils.