KÂDÎ ABDULCEBBÂR’IN RÜ’YETULLAH’IN REDDİNE İLİŞKİN DAYANAKLARI
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2015
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Abstract
Kâdî Abdulcebbâr rü'yetullahı ontolojik ve epistemik açılardan reddetmiştir. Ona göre rü'yetin kabulü Allah'ın bir mekân ve yönde yer almasını gerektirir. Bu ise aşkın varlığın sonlu ve sınırlı olan hâdislere benzemesidir. Mu'tezilî tevhid ilkesine göre Allah'ın zâtı itibariyle mahlukata benzemesi muhaldir. Dolayısıyla rü'yetin reddi Allah'ı teşbih ve tecsimden korumak için zorunludur. Bu doğrultuda o, rü'yete ilişkin ayetleri aklın belirlediği ilkelerden hareket ederek tevil etmiş ve bir anlamda vahyin görüşünü değil, aklın öngörüsünü doktrinleştirmiştir. Bunu, onun, tevhid ve adalet konularındaki ayetleri aklın önceden belirlediği ilkelerle anlaşılması gerekir, şeklindeki beyanından anlamak mümkündür. Neticede o, tevhid prensibine dayalı olarak argümanlarını geliştirmiş ve rüyetullah konusunda Mu'tezilî menfî görüşü ortaya koymuştur. Bunun yanında ona göre rü'yetullah bahsinde delil olarak öne sürülen rivayetler hem sübutu hem de delaleti açısından epistemik değer taşımaz. Bu çalışma, aklın adeta bir postulat olarak ileri sürdüğü ilkelerle nassı okumanın nasıl bir sonuca ulaştırdığını ortaya koymaya çalışacaktır. Lafzın zahirinin açıkça bir söz söylediği yerde tevilin konuşması, kabulü ya da en azından ispatı mümkün olmayan sonuçlara ulaştırır. Bu yüzden özellikle ahiret hayatı gibi sem'iyyât alanına dahil bir konuda aklın değil vahyin diliyle konuşmak daha isabetlidir
Qadi Abd al-Jabbar has rejected visibility of Allah because of ontological and epistemological reasons. According to him the acclaim of visibility requires the existence of Allah in particular environment and direction. This means that transcendental presence is similar to finite and limited cases. As to Mu’tazila tawhid principle it is impossible for Allah to resemble a creature. So that the rejection of visibility of Allah is inevitable in order to protect Him from embodying and similitude. In accordance with those thoughts Abd al-Jabbar has interpreted verses on visibility of Allah on the basis of reason, so that he has built a doctrine on foresight of mind instead of the arguments of the verses. This can be inferred from his declaration which indicates that the verses on tawhid and justice should be understood by principles of mind. As conclusion he built his arguments on the basis of tawhid principle and declared negative view of Mu’tazila on visibility of Allah. Moreover according to him the narrated evidences asserted for visibility of Allah do not bear epistemological merit in terms of certainty and indication. This study aims to reveal the conclusion of reading written sources of Islam by the principles of mind. The selection of its interpretation instead of the actual thing will lead conclusions that cannot be accepted, or at least cannot be proved. Therefore it is the right decision to speak via verses instead of reason on issues of transmission such as life of the Hereafter
Qadi Abd al-Jabbar has rejected visibility of Allah because of ontological and epistemological reasons. According to him the acclaim of visibility requires the existence of Allah in particular environment and direction. This means that transcendental presence is similar to finite and limited cases. As to Mu’tazila tawhid principle it is impossible for Allah to resemble a creature. So that the rejection of visibility of Allah is inevitable in order to protect Him from embodying and similitude. In accordance with those thoughts Abd al-Jabbar has interpreted verses on visibility of Allah on the basis of reason, so that he has built a doctrine on foresight of mind instead of the arguments of the verses. This can be inferred from his declaration which indicates that the verses on tawhid and justice should be understood by principles of mind. As conclusion he built his arguments on the basis of tawhid principle and declared negative view of Mu’tazila on visibility of Allah. Moreover according to him the narrated evidences asserted for visibility of Allah do not bear epistemological merit in terms of certainty and indication. This study aims to reveal the conclusion of reading written sources of Islam by the principles of mind. The selection of its interpretation instead of the actual thing will lead conclusions that cannot be accepted, or at least cannot be proved. Therefore it is the right decision to speak via verses instead of reason on issues of transmission such as life of the Hereafter
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Din Bilimi, Felsefe
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
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Bilimname
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0
Issue
28
Start Page
201
End Page
245