Anneliğin dönüşümü: Kuşaklararası değişen annelik deneyimleri üzerine bir araştırma
Anneliğin dönüşümü: Kuşaklararası değişen annelik deneyimleri üzerine bir araştırma
Abstract
Kadının doğurganlık özelliğinin bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan annelik, insan neslinin devamını sağlaması bakımından çok önemlidir. Annelik, bir çocuğa hamile kalmakla başlayan bedensel bir deneyim ve doğumun ardından bebeğin fiziksel ve psikolojik ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak ekseninde devam eden bir rol olarak tanımlanabilir. Her ne kadar çocuk sahibi olan kadınları kapsayan bir terim olarak görülse de toplumun yaşadığı bütün süreçlerden etkilenmekte ve bu etkilerle çocuk yetiştiren annelerin annelik deneyimleri her dönem farklılaşabilmektedir. Dolayısıyla içinde yaşadığımız sosyo-kültürel yapıyla anlam kazanan ve bir sonraki kuşağa aktarılan annelik deneyimi toplumsal bir inşa olarak toplumdan topluma ve dönemden döneme farklılık arz eder. Bu çalışma toplumsal, kültürel ve politik yapıların etkisiyle şekillenen annelik deneyiminin nasıl yeniden üretilip dönüştürüldüğünü anlamaya çalışmaktadır. Özellikle toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin algılardaki değişimlerin annelik algısında ve farklı annelik pratiklerinin deneyimlenmesinde önemli bir kırılma noktası olduğu söylenebilir. Ayrıca iletişim teknolojisindeki gelişmeler de anneliğe ilişkin algıları önemli ölçüde değiştirmiştir. Bu nedenle değişen annelik üzerine yapılan bu çalışma, anneliğin değişiminin doğasını ele almak bakımından önemlidir. Ayrıca kadına ait bir deneyim olan annelik üzerine bir çalışma yapmak, anneliğin sadece kişisel bir deneyimden öte toplumsal ve politik boyutlarına da dikkat çekmesi bakımından önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada annelik, toplumsal cinsiyet ve ataerkillik kavramları ile ilişkilendirilerek açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırma, Konya ili bazında nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenolojik yaklaşım ve yüz yüze derinlemesine mülakat tekniği ile yürütülmüştür. Bu bağlamda farklı dönemlerde annelik yapmış, farklı kuşaklardan 20 anneyle görüşülerek elde edilen veriler üzerinden anneliğin değişen doğası ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışma kapsamında katılımlı gözlem de yapılmıştır. Yapılan görüşmeler sonucunda anneliğin kuşaklara göre yaşadığı değişim annelik pratikleri ile ilişkilendirilerek ifade edilmiştir. Bu sayede anneliğin yaşadığı dönüşümün toplumun dinamiklerine göre şekillendiği görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak toplumsal cinsiyet algısındaki değişimler, kadının iş piyasasında daha görünür olması, tıp, iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmeler ve risk toplumunun etkisi annelik pratiklerinin değişiminde önemli kırılma noktaları olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır.
Motherhood, which emerges as a result of women's fertility, is very important in terms of ensuring the continuation of the human generation. Motherhood can be defined as a physical experience that starts with the conception of a child and a role that continues on the axis of meeting the physical and psychological needs of the baby after birth. Although it is seen as a term that covers women who have children, it is affected by all the processes experienced by the society and the motherhood experiences of mothers who raise children with these effects may differ in every period. Therefore, the experience of motherhood, which gains meaning through the socio-cultural structure we live in and is passed on to the next generation, varies from society to society and from period to period as a social construction. This study seeks to understand how the experience of motherhood, which is shaped by social, cultural and political structures, is reproduced and transformed. In particular, changes in perceptions of gender roles can be said to be an important breaking point in the perception of motherhood and the experience of different motherhood practices. In addition, developments in communication technology have also significantly changed perceptions of motherhood. Therefore, this study on changing motherhood is important in terms of addressing the nature of the change in motherhood. In addition, conducting a study on motherhood, which is a woman's experience, is important in that it draws attention to the social and political dimensions of motherhood beyond just a personal experience. In this study, motherhood was tried to be explained in relation to the concepts of gender and patriarchy. The research was conducted on the basis of Konya province with a phenomenological approach and face-to-face in-depth interview technique. In this context, the changing nature of motherhood was tried to be revealed through the data obtained by interviewing 20 mothers from different generations who were mothers in different periods. Participant observation was also conducted within the scope of the study. As a result of the interviews, the change in motherhood according to generations was expressed in relation to motherhood practices. In this way, it was seen that the transformation of motherhood was shaped according to the dynamics of society. As a result, changes in gender perception, women becoming more visible in the labour market, developments in medicine, communication technologies and the impact of the risk society emerge as important breaking points in the change of motherhood practices.
Motherhood, which emerges as a result of women's fertility, is very important in terms of ensuring the continuation of the human generation. Motherhood can be defined as a physical experience that starts with the conception of a child and a role that continues on the axis of meeting the physical and psychological needs of the baby after birth. Although it is seen as a term that covers women who have children, it is affected by all the processes experienced by the society and the motherhood experiences of mothers who raise children with these effects may differ in every period. Therefore, the experience of motherhood, which gains meaning through the socio-cultural structure we live in and is passed on to the next generation, varies from society to society and from period to period as a social construction. This study seeks to understand how the experience of motherhood, which is shaped by social, cultural and political structures, is reproduced and transformed. In particular, changes in perceptions of gender roles can be said to be an important breaking point in the perception of motherhood and the experience of different motherhood practices. In addition, developments in communication technology have also significantly changed perceptions of motherhood. Therefore, this study on changing motherhood is important in terms of addressing the nature of the change in motherhood. In addition, conducting a study on motherhood, which is a woman's experience, is important in that it draws attention to the social and political dimensions of motherhood beyond just a personal experience. In this study, motherhood was tried to be explained in relation to the concepts of gender and patriarchy. The research was conducted on the basis of Konya province with a phenomenological approach and face-to-face in-depth interview technique. In this context, the changing nature of motherhood was tried to be revealed through the data obtained by interviewing 20 mothers from different generations who were mothers in different periods. Participant observation was also conducted within the scope of the study. As a result of the interviews, the change in motherhood according to generations was expressed in relation to motherhood practices. In this way, it was seen that the transformation of motherhood was shaped according to the dynamics of society. As a result, changes in gender perception, women becoming more visible in the labour market, developments in medicine, communication technologies and the impact of the risk society emerge as important breaking points in the change of motherhood practices.
Description
Keywords
Sosyal Değişme, Feminizm, Gender, Annelik, Sociology, Patriarchal, Social Transformation, Sosyal Dönüşüm, Generational Diversity, Motherhood, Anne Deneyimi, Kuşak Farklılıkları, Maternal Experience, Mothers, Feminism, Sosyoloji, Anneler, Ataerkil, Toplumsal Cinsiyet, Social Change
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
Fields of Science
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
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160

