Histological Evaluation of Algan Hemostatic Agent's Effect in a Rat Experimental Spleen Injury Model

Abstract

Uncontrolled hemorrhage may result from injuries to the parenchym and splenic capsule. Hemostatic material applications are among the methods used to prevent spleen parenchymal hemorrhage. Algan Hemostatic Agent (AHA) is a standardized mixture of six distinct herbs that are capable of hemostasis, either individually or in combination. Aim of this study was to investigate efficiency of AHA in bleeding control in experimental spleen injury model, and to evaluate its histopathological effects and IL-1β, TNF-α, and Bax expressions in tissue. Twenty-four Wistar albino female rats, aged 10-12 weeks, were randomly separated into three groups (n=8); control, AHA-liquid, and AHA-powder. After surgery physiological saline, liquid and powder were applied to the injured area for twenty seconds. On the tenth postoperative day all rats’ spleens were removed for histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. The AHA-liquid group demonstrated more efficacy in controlling hemorrhage than the AHA powder group after both the initial and subsequent applications. Parenchyma of the spleen was intact, and a thin capsule was detected in the liquid group. In the powder group, thick granulation tissue was observed along with acute lymphocyte and neutrophil infiltration. Expressions of IL-1 β and TNF-α were mild in control and AHA-liquid groups and intense in AHA-powder groups. Similar Bax protein expression was detected in all groups. Current study demonstrated that liquid form of AHA was more effective in reducing local bleeding and inflammation in spleen tissue. Therefore, liquid form could be preferred in animal experiments and clinics as a rapid, safe, and effective agent for organ injury. © 2024 Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi. All rights reserved.