Amid'te Bir Türkmen Beyliği Yinaloğulları
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2024
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'Amid'te Bir Türkmen Beyliği Yinaloğulları (1098-1183)' adlı bu çalışmada, ilk olarak Yinaloğulları Beyliği'nin hâkimiyet sahasına karşılık gelen Amid, Eğil ve Yemame Kalesi'nin tarihî coğrafyası ele alınmıştır. Ardından Yinaolğulları öncesi Amid ve yakın çevresinin geçirdiği siyasi aşamalara kısaca temas edildikten sonra, asıl konumuz olan Yinaloğulları Beyliği'ne geçilmiştir. İlk olarak Yinal ismi üzerinde durulmuş, ayrıca kaynaklarda beyliğin kurucuları ve ilk beyleri olarak geçen Sadr ve Yinal el-Türkmanî'nin tarih sahnesinde belirmeleri, özellikle Suriye Selçukluları içerisideki iktidar mücadelesiyle Amid şehrini ele geçirmeleri anlatılmıştır. Daha sonra beyliğin bölgede yükselişi, Vezir Nisan adında bir şahsın elinde çöküşü ve nihayetinde Eyyûbîler hükümdarı Selahaddin Eyyûbî tarafından Amid'in zaptı ile beyliğin yıkılışı gibi devrin siyasi hadiseleri işlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte bölgenin iktisadî yükselişinin Amid ve çevresine müspet neticeleri olmasından dolayı bu dönemde Yinaloğullarını merkeze alarak bölgedeki sosyal ve iktisadî faaliyetlere ayrı bir bölüm açılmıştır. Her ne kadar bu beylikten günümüze çok az maddi kalıntı intikal etmişse de bu dönemde kapsamlı bir şekilde onarımdan geçen Amid Ulu Camii, Kale Camii ile Hz. Ömer Camii gibi mimarî eserler, Yinaloğulları devrinin güzel hatıraları olarak bugün ayakta durmaktadır. Çalışmada da sözü edilen bu eserlerin yapısal ve mimari özelliklerine değinilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Ortaçağ, Selçuklular, Yinaloğulları, el-Cezire, Amid
In this study, which we call 'A Turkmen Principality in Amid, Yinalogullari (1098-1183)', firstly, the historical geography of Amid, Eğil and Yemame Castle, which correspond to the ruling area of the principality, will be discussed. Then, after briefly touching upon the political phases of Amid and its immediate surroundings before the Yinaids, we will move on to our main topic, the Yinalids Principality. The name Yinal will be emphasized, and the appearance of Sadr and Yinal al-Turkmanî, who are mentioned in the sources as the founders and first beys of the principality, on the stage of history, especially their power struggle within the Syrian Seljuks and their capture of the city of Amid will be explained. Then the political events of the period, such as the r of the principality in the region, its collapse at the hands of a vizier named Nisan, and finally the fall of the principality with the capture of Amid by the Ayyubid ruler Saladin Ayyubid. In addition, since the economic r of the region had positive consequences for Amid and its environs, a separate chapter will be devoted to the social, economic and commercial activities of the Yinaloğulids in this period. Although very few material remains of this principality have survived to the present day, architectural works such as the Great Mosque of Amid, the Kale Mosque and the Mosque of Hz. Ömer, which were extensively repaired during this period, stand today as beautiful reminders of the Yinaloğulları period. After giving information about these few surviving buildings, we will talk about their architectural features. Keywords: Yinalids, Artuqids, Diyar-ı Bekr, al-Jazire, Amid
In this study, which we call 'A Turkmen Principality in Amid, Yinalogullari (1098-1183)', firstly, the historical geography of Amid, Eğil and Yemame Castle, which correspond to the ruling area of the principality, will be discussed. Then, after briefly touching upon the political phases of Amid and its immediate surroundings before the Yinaids, we will move on to our main topic, the Yinalids Principality. The name Yinal will be emphasized, and the appearance of Sadr and Yinal al-Turkmanî, who are mentioned in the sources as the founders and first beys of the principality, on the stage of history, especially their power struggle within the Syrian Seljuks and their capture of the city of Amid will be explained. Then the political events of the period, such as the r of the principality in the region, its collapse at the hands of a vizier named Nisan, and finally the fall of the principality with the capture of Amid by the Ayyubid ruler Saladin Ayyubid. In addition, since the economic r of the region had positive consequences for Amid and its environs, a separate chapter will be devoted to the social, economic and commercial activities of the Yinaloğulids in this period. Although very few material remains of this principality have survived to the present day, architectural works such as the Great Mosque of Amid, the Kale Mosque and the Mosque of Hz. Ömer, which were extensively repaired during this period, stand today as beautiful reminders of the Yinaloğulları period. After giving information about these few surviving buildings, we will talk about their architectural features. Keywords: Yinalids, Artuqids, Diyar-ı Bekr, al-Jazire, Amid
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105