Barriers to Innovation for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs), and Their Impact on Innovative Performance: Evidence from Türkiye
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Date
2023
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Abstract
Bu çalışma, KOBİ'lerde inovasyonun önündeki engellerin ve bunların inovasyonlu performansın etkisini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Tanımlayıcı-analitik yaklaşım kullanılmış ve veriler, önceki ilgili çalışmaların gözden geçirilmesine dayalı olarak tasarlanmış özelleştirilmiş bir anket kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Çalışma topluluğu, Türkiye'nin Mardin ilindeki KOBİ girişimcilerden oluşuyordu ve örneklem büyüklüğü 251 işletmeydi. Sonuçlar istatistiksel analiz programı (SPSS, v.27) kullanılarak analiz edildi. Elde edilen sonuçlar, Mardin'deki KOBİ'lerin inovasyona karşı çok sayıda engeli olduğuna dair ampirik kanıtlar göstermektedir. İnovasyonun önündeki başlıca engeller şunlardır: işletmede fon eksikliği, finansman kaynaklarının eksikliği; ve bunlar finansal engellerdir. Ek olarak, inovasyon, temel olarak teknoloji hakkında bilgi eksikliği ve bilgi engellerinden etkilenir. Ayrıca, yerleşik şirketlerin hakimiyeti ve talep konusundaki belirsizliğin temsil ettiği piyasa engellerinden ve caydırıcı engellerden, yani personellerin yeniliğe karşı direnci ve inovasyonun ilgisizliğine olan inancından etkilenir. Elde edilen sonuçlara dayanarak çalışma, finansman yapısının ve finansman elde etme kaynaklarının gözden geçirilmesi, teknoloji hakkında bilginin artırılması üzerinde çalışılması, müşteri ihtiyaçlarının doğru belirlenmesi ve şirketteki inovasyon kültürüne daha fazla önem verilmesi gibi bir kaç öneri sunuldu. Çalışmanın, inovasyon engelleri ile inovasyonlu performans arasındaki ilişkinin ampirik kanıtlarına katkıda bulunduğu için teorik etkileri vardır. Girişimciler ve yetkililer, inovasyonun önündeki büyük engellerin etkisini azaltarak inovasyonlu performansı artırabileceğinden, kamu politikalarına hizmet ettiği için pratik etkileri vardır. Anahtar Kelimeler: İnovasyon, Engeller, Performans, İnovasyonlu Performansı, KOBİ.
This research aims to examine the barriers to innovation in SMEs and the impact of these barriers on innovative performance. A descriptive-analytical approach was used and the data were collected using a customized questionnaire designed based on a review of previous relevant studies. The research community consisted of SME entrepreneurs in the Mardin province of Türkiye and the sample size was 251 enterprises. The results were analyzed using the statistical analysis program (SPSS, v.27.) The results obtained show empirical evidence that SMEs in Mardin have many barriers to innovation. The main barriers to innovation are: lack of funds in the enterprise, lack of financing sources; and these are financial obstacles. In addition, innovation is affected by knowledge barriers, which are mainly a lack of knowledge about technology. It is also affected by market barriers represented by the dominance of established companies and uncertainty about demand and deterrent barriers that is, the resistance of employees to innovation and the belief in the irrelevance of innovation. Based on the results obtained, the research offered a few suggestions such as reviewing the financing structure and sources of obtaining financing, working on increasing knowledge about technology, correctly identifying customer needs and giving more importance to the innovation culture in the company. The research has theoretical implications as it contributes to empirical evidence of the relationship between innovation barriers and innovative performance. It has practical implications because it serves public policies, as entrepreneurs and officials can improve innovative performance by reducing the impact of major barriers to innovation. Key Words: İnnovation, Barriers, Performance, Innovative Performance, SMEs.
This research aims to examine the barriers to innovation in SMEs and the impact of these barriers on innovative performance. A descriptive-analytical approach was used and the data were collected using a customized questionnaire designed based on a review of previous relevant studies. The research community consisted of SME entrepreneurs in the Mardin province of Türkiye and the sample size was 251 enterprises. The results were analyzed using the statistical analysis program (SPSS, v.27.) The results obtained show empirical evidence that SMEs in Mardin have many barriers to innovation. The main barriers to innovation are: lack of funds in the enterprise, lack of financing sources; and these are financial obstacles. In addition, innovation is affected by knowledge barriers, which are mainly a lack of knowledge about technology. It is also affected by market barriers represented by the dominance of established companies and uncertainty about demand and deterrent barriers that is, the resistance of employees to innovation and the belief in the irrelevance of innovation. Based on the results obtained, the research offered a few suggestions such as reviewing the financing structure and sources of obtaining financing, working on increasing knowledge about technology, correctly identifying customer needs and giving more importance to the innovation culture in the company. The research has theoretical implications as it contributes to empirical evidence of the relationship between innovation barriers and innovative performance. It has practical implications because it serves public policies, as entrepreneurs and officials can improve innovative performance by reducing the impact of major barriers to innovation. Key Words: İnnovation, Barriers, Performance, Innovative Performance, SMEs.
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İşletme, Business Administration
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90
