Osmanlı hakimiyetindeki Tunus’a endülüs müslümanlarının (müdeccenler-moriskolar) göçleri (xvı.-xvıı. asırlar)
Loading...
Date
2013
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Open Access Color
OpenAIRE Downloads
OpenAIRE Views
Abstract
Endülüs Müslümanlarının (Müdeccenler) göçleriyle (XVI.-XVII. asırlar) birlikte Tunus’ta sosyal, kültürel, ekonomik, tarım, sanat ve bilim alanında adeta bir devrim yaşanmıştır. Tarımda sulama kanallarının kullanılması, kökeni Amerika olan domates ve patates gibi yeni bir çok bitkinin yetiştirilmesi, Endülüs mimari tarzıyla inşâ edilen evler ve saraylar, Endülüs ilminin okutulduğu medreseler ve Tunus’un Kuzey Afrika’nın entelektüel ve ilmi başkenti haline gelmesi bu devrimin önemli göstergeleri arasında yer alır. Şayet Müdeccenler olmasaydı, Tunus halkı yüzyıllar boyunca “bedevi” bir toplum olarak kalmaya devam edecekti. Bu hususu Tunus’lu bir şair: “Sizinle ihya olur yerleştiğiniz her yer, siz susuz araziye düşen yağmur gibisiniz! İnsanlar sizde ancak güzellik görür, çünkü siz insanların başındaki göz gibisiniz!” sözleriyle dile getirmiştir. Osmanlı yöneticileri, Tunus’a Endülüs göçmenlerinin gelmesini teşvik amacıyla, onları her türlü vergiden bir süreliğine muaf tutarak yerleşecekleri ve tarımsal faaliyette bulunacakları araziler tahsis etmiş ve Endülüs ilim ve irfanının Tunus’ta yeniden filizlenip kök salmasını sağlamıştır.
The immigration of the Muslims of al-Andalus (Mudejares, Moriscos) caused Tunis to experience a virtual revolution as regards society, culture, economy, agriculture, art and science. Many cities and palaces were rebuilt in an Andalusian architectural style previously unseen in North Africa, the madrasas taught Andalusian science, irrigation came to be used in agriculture, many originally American plants such as maize and tomatoes came to be cultivated, and Tunis became the intellectual and scientific capital of North Africa. If it had not been for the immigrants from al-Andalus Tunis would have continued for centuries as a “bedouin” society. As a matter of fact a Tunesian poet indicated how important the immigrants were for the welfare of Tunis when he said: “With you each place you settle in is revived, you are like rain that falls on a waterless field! People see in you only good things because you are like the eye in the head of a man”. The Ottoman governors in Tunis had not encouraged and supported the immigrants from al-Andalus to the extent of giving them immunity from taxes and had allocated to lands for agricultural production and had been effective in re-sprouting science and knowledge of al-Andalus to take root in Tunis.
The immigration of the Muslims of al-Andalus (Mudejares, Moriscos) caused Tunis to experience a virtual revolution as regards society, culture, economy, agriculture, art and science. Many cities and palaces were rebuilt in an Andalusian architectural style previously unseen in North Africa, the madrasas taught Andalusian science, irrigation came to be used in agriculture, many originally American plants such as maize and tomatoes came to be cultivated, and Tunis became the intellectual and scientific capital of North Africa. If it had not been for the immigrants from al-Andalus Tunis would have continued for centuries as a “bedouin” society. As a matter of fact a Tunesian poet indicated how important the immigrants were for the welfare of Tunis when he said: “With you each place you settle in is revived, you are like rain that falls on a waterless field! People see in you only good things because you are like the eye in the head of a man”. The Ottoman governors in Tunis had not encouraged and supported the immigrants from al-Andalus to the extent of giving them immunity from taxes and had allocated to lands for agricultural production and had been effective in re-sprouting science and knowledge of al-Andalus to take root in Tunis.
Description
Keywords
Endülüs, Osmanlı Devleti
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
Fields of Science
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Akademik İncelemeler Dergisi
Volume
8
Issue
1
Start Page
29
End Page
49