Fesleğen (Ocimum Basilicum L.) Bitkisinin Nikel Stresi Altında Fizyolojik, Biyokimyasal ve Fitoekstraksiyon Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi
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2025
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Bu araştırmada, artan dozlarda nikel (Ni) uygulanmış topraklarda yetiştirilen fesleğen (Ocimum basilicum L.) bitkisi üzerindeki bazı fizyolojik, biyokimyasal ve fitoekstraksiyon etkilerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kontrollü koşullarda, üçer kilogramlık toprak içeren saksılarda yapay olarak kirletilen ortamlarda, fesleğen bitkileri 45 gün boyunca üç tekerrürlü olarak yetiştirilmiştir. Nikel metalinin farklı dozlarda (0, 50, 100, 200 ve 400 mg Ni kg-1) uygulanmasının; yaş ağırlık, kuru ağırlık, bitki boyu, makro elementler (N, P ve K), mikro elementler (Cu, Fe, Mn ve Zn) ile bitkilerdeki Ni konsantrasyonu ve toplam Ni içeriği üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. İstatistiksel analizler sonucunda, yaş ağırlık, kuru ağırlık, bitki boyu, N, P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn elementleri ile Ni konsantrasyonu ve Ni içeriği üzerinde P≤0.01 düzeyinde anlamlı farklar olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bitkilerde yaş ve kuru ağırlık ile boyda, kontrol grubuna göre 50 ve 100 mg Ni kg-1 uygulamalarında artış, 200 ve 400 mg Ni kg-1 uygulamalarında ise azalma gözlenmiştir. Azot konsantrasyonu 50 mg Ni kg-1 dozunda artarken, P konsantrasyonu tüm uygulamalarda azalmıştır; K ise 100 ve 200 mg Ni kg-1 dozlarında artış göstermiştir. Demir (Fe) konsantrasyonlarında 50, 100 ve 200 mg Ni kg-1 uygulamalarında; Mn ve Zn'de ise 50 ve 100 mg Ni kg-1 uygulamalarında artış gözlenmiştir. Bakır (Cu) konsantrasyonları tüm uygulamalarda azalma göstermiştir. Uygulamalar sonucu en düşük N, P, K, Fe, Mn ve Zn konsantrasyonları 400 mg Ni kg-1 dozunda olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bitkilerdeki Ni konsantrasyonu (mg Ni kg-1) ve toplam Ni içeriği (μg bitki-1), kontrol grubuna göre artış göstermiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Feslegen (Ocimum Basilicum L.), Fitoekstrakiyon, Toprak Kirliliği, Ağır Metaller
his study aimed to determine certain physiological, biochemical, and phytoextraction effects on basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants grown in soils treated with increasing doses of nickel (Ni). Under controlled conditions, basil plants were grown in pots containing three kilograms of soil in artificially contaminated environments for 45 days in triplicate. The effects of applying different doses of nickel metal (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg Ni kg-1) on fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, macroelements (N, P, and K), microelements (Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn), Ni concentration in plants, and total Ni content were investigated. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences at the P≤0.01 level in fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, N, P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn elements, Ni concentration, and Ni content. In plants, an increase was observed in fresh and dry weight and height in the 50 and 100 mg Ni kg-1 applications compared to the control group, while a decrease was observed in the 200 and 400 mg Ni kg-1 applications. The nitrogen concentration increased at a dose of 50 mg Ni kg-1, while the P concentration decreased in all applications; K increased at doses of 100 and 200 mg Ni kg-1. Iron (Fe) concentrations increased at 50, 100, and 200 mg Ni kg-1 applications; Mn and Zn concentrations increased at 50 and 100 mg Ni kg-1 applications. Copper (Cu) concentrations decreased in all applications. The lowest N, P, K, Fe, Mn, and Zn concentrations were determined at a dose of 400 mg Ni kg-1. The Ni concentration (mg Ni kg-1) and total Ni content (μg plant-1) in the plants increased compared to the control group. Key Words: Basil (Ocimum Basilicum L.), Phytoextraction, Soil Pollution, Heavy Metals
his study aimed to determine certain physiological, biochemical, and phytoextraction effects on basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) plants grown in soils treated with increasing doses of nickel (Ni). Under controlled conditions, basil plants were grown in pots containing three kilograms of soil in artificially contaminated environments for 45 days in triplicate. The effects of applying different doses of nickel metal (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg Ni kg-1) on fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, macroelements (N, P, and K), microelements (Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn), Ni concentration in plants, and total Ni content were investigated. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences at the P≤0.01 level in fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, N, P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn elements, Ni concentration, and Ni content. In plants, an increase was observed in fresh and dry weight and height in the 50 and 100 mg Ni kg-1 applications compared to the control group, while a decrease was observed in the 200 and 400 mg Ni kg-1 applications. The nitrogen concentration increased at a dose of 50 mg Ni kg-1, while the P concentration decreased in all applications; K increased at doses of 100 and 200 mg Ni kg-1. Iron (Fe) concentrations increased at 50, 100, and 200 mg Ni kg-1 applications; Mn and Zn concentrations increased at 50 and 100 mg Ni kg-1 applications. Copper (Cu) concentrations decreased in all applications. The lowest N, P, K, Fe, Mn, and Zn concentrations were determined at a dose of 400 mg Ni kg-1. The Ni concentration (mg Ni kg-1) and total Ni content (μg plant-1) in the plants increased compared to the control group. Key Words: Basil (Ocimum Basilicum L.), Phytoextraction, Soil Pollution, Heavy Metals
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Ziraat, Agriculture
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