KLASİKTEN MODERNE: ARAP ŞİİRİNDE ŞİİR-MEKÂN İLİŞKİSİ
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Date
2018
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Abstract
Arap edebiyatında, gerek nesir gerekse şiirde, mekâna ayrı bir önem atfedilmektedir. İnsanı kuşatan yönüyle mekân, özellikle şiirde, bir alan olmaktan çıkıp, şairlerin kullandığı sembolik ifadelerle birlikte, sanatsal bir düzleme dönüşmekte ve şairin duygu ve düşüncelerini aktarması yanında, içinde yaşadığı dönemin sosyal, kültürel, felsefi ve edebi durumu hakkında bilgi vermektedir. Özellikle cahiliye dönemi muallaka şiirlerinde, kalıntılar (atlâl) üzerinde durarak maziyi ve göçüp giden sevgilileri anan şairler, aynı zamanda yüzyıllar boyunca sürecek yeni bir şiir geleneğinin de temelini atıyorlardı. Söz konusu gelenek, İslam sonrası dönemde de devam etmiş, modern dönemde ise farklı bir üslupla karşımıza çıkmıştır. Klasik dönemde şairlerin şiirlerine konu olan mekânlar daha çok gerçek mekânlar iken, aynı dönemde, örneğin eş-Şenfara’nın şiirinde ütopik mekâna da dönüşebilmiştir. İslam sonrası dönemde bu gelenek daha çok sanatsal bir etkinlik ve geçmişi taklit etme şeklinde devam etmiş, modern dönemde ise yitik mekânlar, yitik vatanlar kavramları üzerinden farklı bir içerik ve simgeselliğe bürünmüştür.
In Arabic literature, space is attributed a special importance in both prose and poetry. Encompassing the human being, the space, especially in poetry, is transformed from being an area into an artistic arrangement with the symbolic expressions used by the poets, and conveys the poet’s feelings and thoughts as well as information about the social, cultural, philosophical and literary situation of the period in which he lived.Especially in the muallaqas poetry of ignorance period, the poets, who stood on the remains (ruins) and memorialise the past and the passing away lovers, also laid the foundation for a new tradition of poetry that would continue for centuries. The aforementioned tradition continued in the post-Islamic period, and it emerged in a different style in the modern period. While the spaces, which were subject to the poetry of the poets, were more real places in the classical period, it could also be transformed into an utopian space in the same period, for example in the poem of Al-Shanfara. In the post-Islamic period, this tradition has continued rather in the form of an artistic activity and mimicking the past; however, in the modern era, it has taken on a different content and symbolism over the concepts of the lost spaces, the lost homelands.
In Arabic literature, space is attributed a special importance in both prose and poetry. Encompassing the human being, the space, especially in poetry, is transformed from being an area into an artistic arrangement with the symbolic expressions used by the poets, and conveys the poet’s feelings and thoughts as well as information about the social, cultural, philosophical and literary situation of the period in which he lived.Especially in the muallaqas poetry of ignorance period, the poets, who stood on the remains (ruins) and memorialise the past and the passing away lovers, also laid the foundation for a new tradition of poetry that would continue for centuries. The aforementioned tradition continued in the post-Islamic period, and it emerged in a different style in the modern period. While the spaces, which were subject to the poetry of the poets, were more real places in the classical period, it could also be transformed into an utopian space in the same period, for example in the poem of Al-Shanfara. In the post-Islamic period, this tradition has continued rather in the form of an artistic activity and mimicking the past; however, in the modern era, it has taken on a different content and symbolism over the concepts of the lost spaces, the lost homelands.
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Sosyal Bilimler Tarihi
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
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Tarih Okulu Dergisi
Volume
11
Issue
33
Start Page
997
End Page
1043