Hadis metinlerinin te’vilinde karinelerin önemi ve yanlış anlama ve uygulamanın giderilmesine etkisi
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Date
2019
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Open Access Color
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Abstract
Bu çalışma hadis ulemasının hadis şerhlerinde ve müşkilü’l-hadisliteratüründe hadisleri tevil ederken kullandıkları yöntemi ve delilleriincelemektedir. Özellikle, nassın zahirî anlamı, nassın siyâkı, nass sahibinin içindebulunduğu durum, nassın zaman ve bağlamla bağlantılı değişkenleri dikkatealınmıştır. Bu yöntem aynı zamanda hadisin manasının belirlenmesini, ihtiyaçhalinde vücûh ve nezâir literatürüne başvurulmasını ve gerektiğinde nassın zahirîmanasını terk etmeyi içerir. Hadisin zahirî anlamı şeriatın kabul etmeyeceğihususları içerdiğinde ya da hadisin birden fazla manaya işaret etmesi sebebiylekesin bir mana seçilemediğinde sözü edilen yönteme başvurulmaktadır. Çalışmaaynı zamanda hadisleri tevil etme yönteminden bahsettikten sonra, bu yöntemdikkate alınmadan hadislerin tevil edilmesinden kaynaklanan tehlikelere de ayrıca değinmiştir. Bu tehlikeler; şeriatın muradını tespit edememek, hadisi işaretettiği mananın dışında kullanmak, hadisin işaret ettiği hâs yani özel olan birhükmün genelleştirilmesi (âmm) ya da tam tersi âmm olan hükmü hâs olarakdeğerlendirmek ve birden fazla manaya işaret eden veya çok yönlü olan hadisi tekbir mana üzerinden yorumlamaktır .
This paper focuses on the methodology and how the concept of qarīna (circumstantial evidence) were used by the Muslim scholars in order to interpret hadith in the mushkil al-hadith and annotations to hadith works. In particular, the subjects of what the apparent meaning (ẓāhir) of the hadith text (naṣṣ) or statement gives, the composition of the text (siyāq al-naṣṣ), the contextual indications of the text (time frame and other contextual indications), and the condition of the text are taken into consideration. This method also includes qualifying the meaning of the statement, and if it is necessary, to refer to al-wujūh wa al-naẓāir, and to digress from the apparent indications of the statement. Qarīna is used as a means when the literal meaning of the statement contradicts with the Sharī’a, or if the statement indicates multiple meanings and thus a particular meaning cannot be ascertain. After explaining these interpretation methods, the pitfalls of interpreting (ta’wīl) the statement without taken into consideration the above mentioned indications are also separately stated. They are: the misapplication of the text resulting from misunderstanding the intention of the Sharī’a and employing the statement beyond its meaning, or extending the influence area of a text which is specific (khāṣ), or vice versa limiting the meaning of the text, or prioritising only one meaning over other meanings when the statement indicates multiple meanings.
This paper focuses on the methodology and how the concept of qarīna (circumstantial evidence) were used by the Muslim scholars in order to interpret hadith in the mushkil al-hadith and annotations to hadith works. In particular, the subjects of what the apparent meaning (ẓāhir) of the hadith text (naṣṣ) or statement gives, the composition of the text (siyāq al-naṣṣ), the contextual indications of the text (time frame and other contextual indications), and the condition of the text are taken into consideration. This method also includes qualifying the meaning of the statement, and if it is necessary, to refer to al-wujūh wa al-naẓāir, and to digress from the apparent indications of the statement. Qarīna is used as a means when the literal meaning of the statement contradicts with the Sharī’a, or if the statement indicates multiple meanings and thus a particular meaning cannot be ascertain. After explaining these interpretation methods, the pitfalls of interpreting (ta’wīl) the statement without taken into consideration the above mentioned indications are also separately stated. They are: the misapplication of the text resulting from misunderstanding the intention of the Sharī’a and employing the statement beyond its meaning, or extending the influence area of a text which is specific (khāṣ), or vice versa limiting the meaning of the text, or prioritising only one meaning over other meanings when the statement indicates multiple meanings.
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Din Bilimi
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Source
Artuklu Akademi
Volume
6
Issue
1
Start Page
145
End Page
170
