Fıkhî meselelerde Hz. Ali'ye nispet edilen fetvaların tespit ve tahlili
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2022
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Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
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Hz Ali'nin aynı mesele hakkında farklı görüşler belirttiği olmuştur. Bu durum ise bazı sebeplere dayanmaktadır. Sözü edilen sebeplerden bir kısmı şu şekildedir: Hz. Ali'nin daha sonra meselenin hakikatına vakıf olduğu için önceki görüşünden dönmesi. Aynı mesele hakkında soru soran değişik kişilerin her birine münasip düşen fetva vermesi. Kendinden rivayet edilen farklı rivayetlerin hakikate tek rivayet olması. Buradaki ihtilaf ravilerden bir kısmının onun fetvasını kısaltıp aktarmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Nitekim bu durumda kısaltılan rivayet asıl itibariyle uzun ve onun tefsiri mahiyetinde olan rivayete raci olmaktadır. Kendisinden sahih ve zayıf olarak rivayet edilen farklı rivayetlerın olması. Hz. Ali'nin bu türden ihtilaflarını incelediğimizde şöyle bir sonuçla karşılaşıyoruz: Hz. Ali'nin meselenin hakikatıni kavradığından ötürü ictihad değişikliği yaptığı yerlerde onun son fetvası esas alınır. Farklı şahsalar için verdiği değişik fetvalarda onların her birine verdiği fetva sabit olur. Uzun ve kısa rivayetlerden kaynaklanan ihtilaflarda uzun olan rivayet kabul edilir. Zayıf ve sahih olarak kendinsinden gelen farklı rivayetlerde ise şayet her iki rivayet zayıflık ve sahihlik bakımından eşitse ilim erbabınca makul bulunan yöntemle her iki rivayet ile amel edilir.
The sayings of the Commander of the Faithful Ali, may God be pleased with him, have been numerous in one issue of jurisprudence in a number of times, and it has become clear to the researcher through this research that this is due to several reasons, including the change in the diligence of Ali bin Abi Talib in some of those issues according to what appears to him after that. Or the multiplicity of his ijtihad according to the difference of the people who asked, and perhaps this multiplicity is not a significant multiplicity because the different narrations about him in reality refer to one narration, but the difference occurred between some narrators abbreviating his fatwa, and the short narration originally refers to the lengthy narration explaining it, or this multiplicity is between There are authentic narrations, and others are weak, so the authentic ones are given precedence over others. And when editing the speech on these issues, in which Ali's sayings are numerous; If the plurality is according to the change of ijtihad when the reality of the issue appears, then the last of what Ali, may God be pleased with him, issued a fatwa on the issue is applied. The lengthy narration, then relying on the extended narration, and if the narrations on the authority of Ali, may God be pleased with him, are equal in strength, or equal in weakness, then the ideal solution is to try to combine these narrations in a way that is acceptable and reasonable to the people of knowledge in accordance with the two evidences.
The sayings of the Commander of the Faithful Ali, may God be pleased with him, have been numerous in one issue of jurisprudence in a number of times, and it has become clear to the researcher through this research that this is due to several reasons, including the change in the diligence of Ali bin Abi Talib in some of those issues according to what appears to him after that. Or the multiplicity of his ijtihad according to the difference of the people who asked, and perhaps this multiplicity is not a significant multiplicity because the different narrations about him in reality refer to one narration, but the difference occurred between some narrators abbreviating his fatwa, and the short narration originally refers to the lengthy narration explaining it, or this multiplicity is between There are authentic narrations, and others are weak, so the authentic ones are given precedence over others. And when editing the speech on these issues, in which Ali's sayings are numerous; If the plurality is according to the change of ijtihad when the reality of the issue appears, then the last of what Ali, may God be pleased with him, issued a fatwa on the issue is applied. The lengthy narration, then relying on the extended narration, and if the narrations on the authority of Ali, may God be pleased with him, are equal in strength, or equal in weakness, then the ideal solution is to try to combine these narrations in a way that is acceptable and reasonable to the people of knowledge in accordance with the two evidences.
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Din, Religion
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