Câhiliye dönemi şairlerinden Hâris B. Hillize ve Muallakası
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Date
2023
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Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Arap edebiyatı söylenildiği vakit zihne ilk gelen şey Arap şiiridir. Câhiliye dönemi Arap şiirinin zirve yaptığı dönemdir. Hiç şüpesiz bu dönemin gözde eserleri Muallakat'ı-Seb'a olarak bilinen ''Yedi Askı'' şiirleridir. Bu gözde eserlerin şairleri Arap şiirinin usta şairleridir. Muallaka müelliflerinden biri olan Hâris b. Hillize, Arap şiirinde medih, kahramanlık ve hiciv mevzulu şiirlerde önde gelen şairlerdendir. Kabilesini Benî Tağlib kabilesine karşı Hire hükümdarı 'Amr b. Hind'in huzurunda kahramanca savunduğu esnada okuduğu muallakası hükümdarın takdirine mazhar olmuştur. Hâris'in muallakası Câhiliye dönemindeki Arap savaşlarına dair bilgiler, yer adlarıyla nadir kullanılan garip kelimeler yanında ustaca kullanılmış edebi sanatlar ve ince tasvirler ihtiva etmesi sebebiyle hem tarihi hem de edebi bir değer arzetmektedir. Bu çalışmada ''Câhiliye'' kelimesinin mana ve menşei, şair ve şiir konuları, muallaka ve cahiliye şiirinin genel özellikleri, şairin hayatı, edebi kişiliğinin yanında, şairin muallakada ele aldığı konular ve muallakasının şekil yönünden özellikleri de anlatılarak çalışma tamamlanmıştır.
When it comes to Arabic literature, the first thing that comes to mind is Arabic poetry. The Old Arab Period was the peak of Arabic poetry. Undoubtedly, the favorite works of this period are the poems of "Seven Hangers" known as Muallakat'ı-Sebe. The poets of these favorite works are the master poets of Arabic poetry. Hâris b. Hillîze, one of the authors of the master of poetry Muallaka, is one of the pioneer poets in Arabic poetry on medih, praise, heroism and satire. The muallaqa he read while heroically defending his tribe against the Bani Taghlib Tribe in the presence of the Hira Ruler 'Amr b. Hindi' was appreciated by the Ruler. The information about the Arab wars in the period of Hârisi'n Muallakası Ignorance has both historical and literary value because it contains skillfully used literary arts and fine descriptions as well as strange words rarely used with place names. In this study, the meaning and origin of the word "Ignorance", poet and poetry issues, general characteristics of muallaka and ignorant poetry, the life of the poet, besides his literary personality, the issues that the poet deals with in the muallaqa and the features of his muallaka in terms of form are also explained and the study is completed.
When it comes to Arabic literature, the first thing that comes to mind is Arabic poetry. The Old Arab Period was the peak of Arabic poetry. Undoubtedly, the favorite works of this period are the poems of "Seven Hangers" known as Muallakat'ı-Sebe. The poets of these favorite works are the master poets of Arabic poetry. Hâris b. Hillîze, one of the authors of the master of poetry Muallaka, is one of the pioneer poets in Arabic poetry on medih, praise, heroism and satire. The muallaqa he read while heroically defending his tribe against the Bani Taghlib Tribe in the presence of the Hira Ruler 'Amr b. Hindi' was appreciated by the Ruler. The information about the Arab wars in the period of Hârisi'n Muallakası Ignorance has both historical and literary value because it contains skillfully used literary arts and fine descriptions as well as strange words rarely used with place names. In this study, the meaning and origin of the word "Ignorance", poet and poetry issues, general characteristics of muallaka and ignorant poetry, the life of the poet, besides his literary personality, the issues that the poet deals with in the muallaqa and the features of his muallaka in terms of form are also explained and the study is completed.
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Dilbilim, Linguistics, Arap dili, Arap şiiri, Arabic poetry
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98