Evaluation of Local and Registered Durum Wheat Genotypes Grown in Batman for Yield and Quality

Abstract

Bu çalışma, tescilli ve yerel makarnalık buğday çeşitlerinin verim ve kalite yönünden değerlendirmesi amacı ile 2020-2021 yetiştirme döneminde Batman iline bağlı Gercüş ilçesi lokasyonunda kuru ve sulu koşullarda olmak üzere ''Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Desenine'' göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Denemede 7 farklı makarnalık buğday çeşidi (Fırat-93, Ampeyr, Haciali, Hasanbey, Sorgül, Svevo ve Şölen 2002) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada; bitki boyu, başak uzunluğu, başakta başakçık sayısı, başaktaki tane sayısı, bin tane ağırlığı, tane verimi, biyolojik verim, hasat indeksi, hektolitre ağırlığı, protein oranı, m2'de bitki sayısı, rutubet ve yaş glüten incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; çeşitlerin bitki boyu kuru şartlarda 83.3-96.7 cm, sulu koşullarda ise 89.2-101.1 cm; başak uzunluğu kuru şartlarda 9,3-13.73 cm, sulu koşullarda ise 10.77-14.67 cm; bin tane ağırlığı kuru şartlarda 24.63-35.70 g, sulu koşullarda ise 28.16-40.43 g; tane verimi kuru şartlarda 125.8-171.8 kg/da, sulu koşullarda ise 153.34-250.33 kg/da; biyolojik verim kuru şartlarda 376,64-506.9 kg/da, sulu koşullarda ise 518.63-651.33 kg/da; protein oranı kuru şartlarda %16.07-17.27, sulu koşullarda ise %15.20-16.97; yaş gluten kuru şartlarda % 32.5-35.77, sulu koşullarda ise %32.5-33.9 arasında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir.This study was conducted during the 2020-2021 cultivation period in the Gercüş district of Batman province, Turkey, with the aim of evaluating registered and local durum wheat varieties in terms of yield and quality under both dry and irrigated conditions using a 'Randomized Complete Block Design' with four replications. Seven different durum wheat varieties (Fırat-93, Ampeyr, Haciali, Hasanbey, Sorgül, Svevo, and Şölen-2002) were employed in the experiment. The research investigated various parameters, including plant height, spike length, spikelet count per spike, grain count per spike, thousand-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, hectoliter weight, protein content, plant density per square meter, moisture content, and wet gluten. As a result of the research, it was determined that the varieties exhibited different characteristics under dry and irrigated conditions. Under dry conditions, the plant height ranged from 83.3 to 96.7 cm, while under irrigated conditions, it ranged from 89.2 to 101.1 cm. In terms of spike length, it varied from 9.3 to 13.73 cm under dry conditions and from 10.77 to 14.67 cm under irrigated conditions. The thousand-grain weight ranged from 24.63 to 35.70 g in dry conditions and from 28.16 to 40.43 g in irrigated conditions. Grain yield was observed to be between 125.8 and 171.8 per kg under dry conditions and between 153.34 and 250.33 per kg under irrigated conditions. Similarly, biological yield ranged from 376.64 to 506.9 per kg under dry conditions and from 518.63 to 651.33 per kg under irrigated conditions. Protein content showed a range of 16.07% to 17.27% under dry conditions and 15.20% to 16.97% under irrigated conditions. Wet gluten content was found to vary between 32.5% and 35.77% under dry conditions and between 32.5% and 33.9% under irrigated conditions.