İbn Tufeyl'in Hay Bin Yekzân Eserinde Ruh Problemi
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2025
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İbn Tufeyl, Hay Yakzân adlı eserinde genel manada bir insanın adada var olma veya adaya düşerek yaşama serüveni sembolik hikaye tarzında sunulmaktadır. Eserde kişinin kendi başına kendisini tanıma ve hakikate ulaşma süreci de işlenmiştir. Eser bir tür felsefe-din uzlaştırması yapma amacını da taşımaktadır. Düşünce tarihi açısından oldukça önemli bir eser olan Hay bin Yakzân'da ruh problemini ele almak bu ve başkaca pek çok açıdan önem kazanmaktadır. Bu tezde İbn Tufeyl'in Hay bin Yakzân eseri çerçevesinde ruh konusundaki görüşleri bir problem olarak incelenmiş ve ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Birinci bölümde İbn Tufeyl'de ruh probleminin tarihsel arka planı ve dayanak noktaları belirlenirken, Sokrates öncesi ve Sokrates sonrası, özellikle Platon ve Aristoteles'in ruha dair görüşleri ana hatlarıyla sunulmuştur. Ardından İslam filozoflarından Fârâbî ve İbn Sina'nın görüşleri ile kelamcıların yaklaşımları genel çerçeveleriyle ele alınmış ve betimlenmiştir. Tezin ikinci bölümünde ise öncelikle 'Hay bin Yakzân' türü eserler ile İbn Tufeyl'in Hay bin Yakzân adlı eseri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Ardından Hay bin Yakzân'da insanın var olma süreci ve ruh problemi irdelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda ruhun mahiyeti ve tanımı, ruhun bedene girmeden önceki hali, ruhun bendeki durumu ve ruh-beden ilişkisi, son olarak da ruhun bedenden çıktıktan sonraki durumu Hay bin Yakzân eseri özelinde ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Nihayetinde İbn Tufeyl'in ruh konusundaki görüşleri belirlenerek bir sonuçla izaha kavuşturulmaya gayret edilmiştir.
In his work Hay ibn Yaqzan, Ibn Tufail presents the adventure of a person either existing on an island or surviving after being cast away, using a symbolic storytelling style. The work also explores the individual's journey of self-discovery and attainment of truth. Additionally, it aims to reconcile philosophy and religion. Hay ibn Yaqzan is a significant work in the history of thought, making the examination of the soul problem within it important from multiple perspectives. This thesis investigates and presents Ibn Tufail's views on the soul as a philosophical problem within the framework of Hay ibn Yaqzan. The first chapter identifies the historical background and foundational points of the soul problem in Ibn Tufail's thought. It outlines pre-Socratic and post-Socratic perspectives on the soul, particularly those of Plato and Aristotle. Furthermore, the views of Islamic philosophers such as Al-Farabi and Ibn Sina (Avicenna), along with the approaches of theologians (mutakallims), are examined and described within a general framework. The second chapter first provides information on works of the 'Hay ibn Yaqzan' genre and specifically on Ibn Tufail's Hay ibn Yaqzan. Then, the process of human existence and the problem of the soul in Hay ibn Yaqzan are analyzed. Within this scope, the nature and definition of the soul, its state before entering the body, its condition while in the body, the relationship between soul and body, and finally, its state after departing from the body are discussed in the context of the work. Ultimately, Ibn Tufail's views on the soul are identified and clarified through a concluding explanation
In his work Hay ibn Yaqzan, Ibn Tufail presents the adventure of a person either existing on an island or surviving after being cast away, using a symbolic storytelling style. The work also explores the individual's journey of self-discovery and attainment of truth. Additionally, it aims to reconcile philosophy and religion. Hay ibn Yaqzan is a significant work in the history of thought, making the examination of the soul problem within it important from multiple perspectives. This thesis investigates and presents Ibn Tufail's views on the soul as a philosophical problem within the framework of Hay ibn Yaqzan. The first chapter identifies the historical background and foundational points of the soul problem in Ibn Tufail's thought. It outlines pre-Socratic and post-Socratic perspectives on the soul, particularly those of Plato and Aristotle. Furthermore, the views of Islamic philosophers such as Al-Farabi and Ibn Sina (Avicenna), along with the approaches of theologians (mutakallims), are examined and described within a general framework. The second chapter first provides information on works of the 'Hay ibn Yaqzan' genre and specifically on Ibn Tufail's Hay ibn Yaqzan. Then, the process of human existence and the problem of the soul in Hay ibn Yaqzan are analyzed. Within this scope, the nature and definition of the soul, its state before entering the body, its condition while in the body, the relationship between soul and body, and finally, its state after departing from the body are discussed in the context of the work. Ultimately, Ibn Tufail's views on the soul are identified and clarified through a concluding explanation
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Felsefe, İslam Felsefesi, Philosophy, Islamic Philosophy
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96