YÜKSEKÖĞRETİM HARCAMALARI İLE GELİR İLİŞKİSİ: MARDİN ARTUKLU ÜNİVERSİTESİ ÖRNEĞİ
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Date
2020
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Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Eğitim, iktisadi açıdan büyüme, rekabet gücü ve verimlilik, toplumsal açıdan ise yoksullukla mücadele ve gelir dağılımında adaletinin sağlanması gibi politikaların merkezinde yer almaktadır. Az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde genellikle eğitim ve gelir seviyesi düşük olduğu için eğitim hizmetleri karşılıksız olarak kamu tarafından sunulmaktadır. Bu ise, eğitim hizmetleri için yapılan harcamaları gelirin yeniden dağılımında önemli bir araç haline getirmektedir. Eğitimdeki fırsat eşitliği ile gelir eşitsizliği arasında güçlü korelasyonun olması, ailelerin gelir düzeylerinin eğitim hizmetini satın alma olanağını farklılaştırarak hem yükseköğretime girişte hem de yükseköğretim sürecinde özel harcamalara katlanmalarını etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle, özellikle yükseköğretim hizmetinden yararlanabilmek, bireylerin gelir düzeyini yükselterek adaletli gelir dağılımını sağlamada önemli bir işlev görebilir.
Bu araştırmanın amacı, 2019-2020 akademik dönemde Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi’nde kayıtlı öğrencilerin yaptıkları özel eğitim harcamaları ile gelir ilişkisini tespit etmektir. Araştırmanın evrenini 10.294 öğrenci, örneklemini, %95 güven seviyesinde, %5 güven aralığında kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 1.228 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. 1.228 öğrenciye 15 sorudan oluşan anket uygulanmış ve tamamı değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, 2020 yılı fiyatlarına göre, öğrencilerin çoğunluğunun (%75,2) asgari gelir (2.324 ₺) ve altında aylık gelire sahip olduğu, yükseköğretim sürecindeki özel harcamaları asgari ücretin yaklaşık ¼’i kadar (500 ₺), yükseköğretime girişte yaklaşık yarsının hiçbir harcama yapmadıkları görülmüştür. Buna göre, öğrenciler, düşük gelir grubunda yer aldığı, aile gelirine bağlı olmak üzere özel yükseköğretim harcamalarının değiştiği söylenebilir.
Education is at the center of policies such as economic growth, competitiveness and productivity, and socially, fighting poverty and ensuring justice in income distribution. Since education and income levels are generally low in underdeveloped and developing countries, education services are provided by the public for free. This, in turn, makes spending on education services an important tool in income redistribution. The strong correlation between equality of opportunity and income inequality in education differentiates the ability of families to purchase educational services, affecting their ability to bear private expenditures both in entering higher education and in higher education process. For this reason, benefiting from higher education services can play an important role in providing a fair distribution of income by increasing the income level of individuals. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between private education expenditures and income incurred by students registered at Mardin Artuklu University in the 2019-2020 academic year. The population of the study consists of 10,294 students, and the sample consists of 1,228 students selected by convenience sampling at a 95% confidence level and a 5% confidence interval. A questionnaire consisting of 15 questions was applied to 1,228 students and all of them were evaluated. As a result of the research, according to the prices of the year 2020, students have a high monthly income (2.324 ₺) and less than the minimum income (75.2%), the private expenditures in the higher education process are about of the minimum wage (500 ₺), about half of the entrance to higher education It has been observed that they do not spend anything. Accordingly, it can be said that students are in the lower income group and bear private higher education expenditures depending on their family income.
Education is at the center of policies such as economic growth, competitiveness and productivity, and socially, fighting poverty and ensuring justice in income distribution. Since education and income levels are generally low in underdeveloped and developing countries, education services are provided by the public for free. This, in turn, makes spending on education services an important tool in income redistribution. The strong correlation between equality of opportunity and income inequality in education differentiates the ability of families to purchase educational services, affecting their ability to bear private expenditures both in entering higher education and in higher education process. For this reason, benefiting from higher education services can play an important role in providing a fair distribution of income by increasing the income level of individuals. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between private education expenditures and income incurred by students registered at Mardin Artuklu University in the 2019-2020 academic year. The population of the study consists of 10,294 students, and the sample consists of 1,228 students selected by convenience sampling at a 95% confidence level and a 5% confidence interval. A questionnaire consisting of 15 questions was applied to 1,228 students and all of them were evaluated. As a result of the research, according to the prices of the year 2020, students have a high monthly income (2.324 ₺) and less than the minimum income (75.2%), the private expenditures in the higher education process are about of the minimum wage (500 ₺), about half of the entrance to higher education It has been observed that they do not spend anything. Accordingly, it can be said that students are in the lower income group and bear private higher education expenditures depending on their family income.
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Keywords
Yükseköğretim harcamaları, özel eğitim harcamaları, gelir dağılımı, kamu politikası
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
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Source
Türk Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi
Volume
5
Issue
2
Start Page
124
End Page
138