Browsing by Author "Güney, İnci Güler"

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Adaçayı (Salvia Officinalis) Bitkisinden İzole Edilen Endofitik Bakterilerin Uçucu Yağ Bileşimlerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi
(2024) Yazıcılar, Umut; Güney, İnci Güler
Bu çalışmada, adaçayı bitkisinin kök ve kök boğazından endofitik bakteri izolasyonu ve karekterizasyonu yapılmıştır. Endofitik izolatlar patojenlere karşı % inhibisyon oranları, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum'a karşı %96.3 ile %15.27, Fusarium culmorum'a karşı %67.05 ile % 32.19 arasında inhibe etmiştir. A33 izolatı her iki patoje karşı etkili bulunmuş, fosfataz, selülaz ve proteaz enzim aktivilerinde de pozitif sonuç vermiştir. İn-vitro koşullarda etkili bulunan izolatlar 16S rRNA geninin sekans analizi kullanılarak tanımlanmıştır. 16S rRNA geninin sekans analizi sonucuna göre A3, A56, A65 kodlu izolatların Bacillus spp, A23 ve A33 kodlu izolatların Pseudomonas spp. olduğu belirtilmiştir. Bakteri suşlarının uçucu yağa etkinliğini değerlendirmek için iklim odası koşullarında (in vivo) saksı denemeleri kurulmuştur. İn-vivo yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda izolatların kontrole göre bazı bitki parametrelerine, uçucu yağ oranına bakılmıştır. Saksı denemelerinin sonuçlarında bitki boyu, gövde çapı, yaş ağırlık, yaprak genişliği, toplam kuru gövde ağırlığı, toplam kuru gövde ağırlığı gibi farklı parametrelerde ve uçucu yağ oranında Pseudomonas sp A33 kodlu bakteri ile inokule edilmiş adaçayı bitkileri kontrol ve diğer uygulamalara göre etkili uygulama olarak görülmüştür. Bunu takip eden uygulamanın ise endofitik Bacillus spp. + Pseudomonas sp. (A3+A33+A56+A65) karışımları ile inokule edilmiş adaçayı bitkileri olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Saksı denemesinde adaçaylarına inokule edilen farklı uygulamaların % uçucu yağ oranına etkisi Clevenger aparatı kullanılarak yapılan yöntem sonucuna göre Pseudomonas sp. (A33) bakterisiyle yapılan uygulama % 0.74 uçucu yağ oranıyla kontrol ve diğer uygulamalara göre en etkili olmuştur. Çalışmadan elde edilecek sonuçlar ile endofitik bakterilerin sürdürülebilir organik adaçayı yetiştiriciliğinde biyo-gübre olarak kullanılabilinecektir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Uçucu yağ oranı, tıbbı ve aromatik bitkiler, tıbbi adaçayı
Alternaria alternata causing inner black rot of lemon (Citrus limon) fruits in Turkey: Genetic diversity and characterisation
(ScienceDirect, 2023) Güney, İnci Güler; Derviş, Sibel; Fatih Tekin, Tacettin Utku Günen, Göksel Özer
The market sales of symptomless lemons in 2020 revealed a persistent and severe internal black rot with browning of the membrane wall and juice sac. To investigate the causal agent, externally symptom-free lemons from Mediterranean locations were sampled from supermarkets, local markets, and bazaars in three southeastern Turkish provinces. Internal black rot symptoms were observed in 13.69% of the 1300 externally symptomless fruits, and Alternaria was isolated from 96.63% of those exhibiting these symptoms. Morphological analysis confirmed the identity of Alternaria alternata in 26 representative isolates collected from various markets and bazaars. To examine genetic diversity or polymorphisms, start codon targeted (SCoT) markers were used. Species identification was based on the sequences of translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF 1-α), RNA polymerase second largest subunit (RPB2), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). SCoT 29 exhibited the highest amount of polymorphic amplicons, with 18 polymorphic bands scored when compared to the other six scoreable markers. The 26 representative isolates from various markets and bazaars were divided into four clades by SCoT 29. However, multilocus sequence analyses confirmed the identification of a single species, A. alternata. In terms of virulence and the impact of temperature on growth, representative isolates from four SCoT clusters were evaluated. Data suggests that SCoT markers can be used to evaluate virulence-based polymorphism in A. alternata; nonetheless, all clades showed comparable temperature responses, with 25 ◦C being the optimum. There was also no association between individual morphotypes and SCoT clade membership. Due to the lack of obvious signs on lemon fruits, producers, merchants, and consumers are unable to identify black rot, and the widespread presence of A. alternata in lemons may pose a significant risk that must be avoided at all costs.
Canker and leaf scorch on olive (Olea europaea L.) caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum in Turkey
(ScienceDirect, 2022) Güney, İnci Güler; Özer, Göksel; Türkölmez, Şahimerdan; Derviş, Sibel
In a recent survey of olive groves in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey, a new and serious decline of olive trees, beginning with foliar scorching and then dieback of twigs, branches, and even whole trees, was observed for the first time. In more advanced stages of the disease, necrosis and cankers were observed on the bark of the trunk, branches, and twigs. Isolations from symptomatic tissues from multiple cultivars in diverse locations yielded Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, which were identified using ITS, tef1, and tub2 loci of genomic DNA, in combination with morphological data. In vitro studies showed that conidial germination, hyphal growth, and pycnidia formation of the pathogen were positively correlated with elevated temperatures. Wild type olive “Delice”, “Edincik Su”, and “Memecik” seemed like the most resistant cultivars on which disease severity values were the lowest among 14 screened olive cultivars in two experimental orchards under natural conditions. Pathogenicity tests showed that “Gemlik” was the most susceptible cultivar showing the largest cankers and extensive scorch lesions. Isolates caused canker but not leaf scorch on O. europaea cultivars “Arbequina” “Halhalı”, “Manzanilla”, “Nizip Yağlık”, and “Saurani”. Neoscytalidium isolates are likely to have a negative impact on the health of diverse olive groves, which are primarily confined to Mediterranean-type climatic regions. These findings suggest an increased risk of infection in environments with increasing temperatures, as is common in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey. The information gathered in this study will be used to examine the disease's epidemiology and establish disease control initiatives. This is also the first report of N. dimidiatum infecting O. europaea in the world.
Farklı Buğday Genotiplerinden İzole Edilen Endofitik Bakterilerin Fusarium Culmorum'a Karşı Antagonistik Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi
(2024) Güney, İnci Güler; Derviş, Sibel; Özer, Göksel; Aktaş, Hüsnü; Keske, Mehmet Ata
Bu araştırmada, farklı buğday genotiplerinden elde edilen endofitik bakterilerin, fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal özelliklerinin ile enzim aktivitelerinin yanısıra buğdayda kök ve kökboğazı çürüklüğüne neden olan Fusarium culmorum’a karşı etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. İzolatların F. culmorum’a karşı ikili kültür testlerinden elde edilen sonuçlara göre inhibisyon oranı %80.56- %13.90 arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. In vitro koşullarda Fusarium culmorum’a karşı inhibisyon oranı %80.59 oranıyla Bacillus subtilis (MM11), %69.41 oranıyla Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (EY5) ve %61.10 oranıyla Enterobacter sp. (MY3) en etkili izolatlar olmuştur. Amilaz, selülaz, fosfataz, ACC deaminaz ve siderofor üretiminde Pseudomonas putida (EM9) ve Pseudomonas orientalis (MM21) izolatları tüm testte pozitif sonuç vermiştir. Umut vadeden altı izolat 16S rRNA geninin sekans analizi kullanılarak tanımlanmıştır. Bakteri suşlarının F. culmorum’a karşı etkinliğini değerlendirmek için iklim odası koşullarında (in vivo) saksı denemeleri kurulmuştur. Sonuçlar, Enterobacter sp., S. maltophilia ve B. subtilis (MY3+EY5+MM11) kombinasyonunun hastalık şiddeti, bitki boyu, yaş ağırlık, kuru ağırlık, kök yaş ağırlığı ve kök kuru ağırlığı açısından en uygun sonuçları verdiğini göstermiştir. Stenotrophomonas rhizophila, P. putida ve P. orientalis (EY1+EM9+MM21) kombinasyonu da oldukça etkili olmuştur. Etkili bakteri suşlarının kullanılmasının, çevresel etkilerini en aza indirirken, kimyasal gübre ve pestisitlere olan bağımlılığı ve bunlarla ilişkili maliyetleri azaltması beklenmektedir. Ek doğrulama prosedürlerinin ardından bu suşların, ticari uygulamalar için potansiyelinin olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bulgular, F. culmorum’a karşı çeşitli endofitik bakterilerin kullanıldığı biyolojik kontrol çalışmalarına katkıda bulunacaktır.
First report of Fusarium oxysporum causing wilt on lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) in Turkey(
(Journal of Plant Pathology, 2021) Güney, İnci Güler; Özer, Göksel; Koşar, İslim; Derviş, Sibel; Günen, Utku
[No abstract available]
First report of leaf blight of Turkish oregano (Origanum onites) caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum in Turkey
(SpringerLink, 2021) Alkan, Mehtap; Özer, Göksel; Koşar, İslim; Güney, İnci Güler; Derviş, Sibel
In July 2020, a leaf blight disease with intense defoliation on Turkish oregano (Origanum onites L.) plants was observed in a pilot experiment feld in Akçakale and a commercial feld in Haliliye with an incidence of 5.4 and 11.7%, respectively, in Şanlıurfa province. After a surface-sterilization for 1 min with 1% NaOCl, isolations from symptomatic tissues of six afected plants for each feld consistently yielded a fungus with the same colony morphology on potato dextrose agar. Cultures were powdery with a thick aerial mycelium, initially white that changed from olive green to black within 10 days.
First report of Macrophomina phaseolina causing charcoal rot on common sage (Salvia officinalis) in Turkey
(SpringerLink, 2021) İslim, Koşar; Güney, İnci Güler; Derviş, Sibel; Kırlı, Onur; Özer, Göksel
Common sage (Salvia officinalis L.) is a perennial herb or sub-shrub native to the eastern Mediterranean. In July 2020, symptoms of chlorosis, wilting, and root rot appeared in 25% of two-year-old S. officinalis cv. Elif plants in two fields (N 36°53'42.457'', E 38°55'34.777''; N 36°53'27.236'', E 38°55'38.618'') in Şanlıurfa, Turkey.
First report of Macrophomina phaseolina causing charcoal rot on lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) in Turkey
(SpringerLink, 2022) Koşar, İslim; Güney, İnci Güler; Üner, Senem Ece; Özer, Göksel; Derviş, Sibel
Lemon balm (Melissa ofcinalis L.) is native to the Eastern Mediterranean region and Western Asia and is a well-known medicinal plant of Lamiaceae due to its valuable aqueous and alcoholic extracts (De Sousa et al. 2004). In the summer of 2021, wilting and root rot were observed on about 20% of two-year-old M. ofcinalis cv. Melis plants in a feld of Koruklu village, Akçatepe district of Şanlıurfa, Turkey.
First report of needle blight of blue spruce (Picea pungens) caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum in Turkey
(SpringerLink, 2023) Derviş, Sibel; Türkölmez, Şahimerdan; Güney, İnci Güler; Alkan, Mehtap; Özer, Göksel
The blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) is an exotic conifer species widely used for decorative purposes in landscaping and private gardens. In 2020, 60% of forty blue spruce trees between 20 and 25 years old planted in front of buildings in Kavaklıdere, Ankara, displayed needle blight symptoms. Needles on the lower and interior crown closest to the trunk were infected from the bottoms of branches. They showed a brown-colored or burned appearance before dropping off, starting from their tips, resulting in up to a 65% reduction of the canopy. On the surface of infected tissues, a black-colored fungal mass was observed. Fungal colonies isolated from twenty symptomatic branches and needles were initially dark gray and became black within 4 to 7 days. Zero- to one-septate dark brown conidia (4.6 to 9.8 × 3.6 to 7.5 μm) formed in arthric chains were disarticulating and cylindrical-truncate to rod-shaped, oblong, ellipsoidal, doliiform, or globose, consistent with the description of Neoscytalidium spp. (Crous et al. 2006). The internal transcribed spacer, translation elongation factor 1-α, and β-tubulin loci of a randomly selected isolate (Nd_Pp01) were sequenced using the primers ITS1/4, EF1-728 F/986R, and Bt2a/Bt2b and deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers OK643641, OK666381, and OK666382, respectively. The sequences had 99.77–100% nucleotide identity with those of the type specimen of N. dimidiatum, CBS 145.78. Phylogenetic analysis with concatenated sequences further confirmed the identification. The isolate was deposited in the Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Culture Collection with accession number BAIBU-179. A pathogenicity test was conducted with ten 1-year-old P. pungens plants by spraying a conidial suspension (105 conidia/ml) of the isolate Nd_Pp01 onto the needles (Türkölmez et al. 2019). Five seedlings sprayed with sterile water were used as controls. All plants were placed in a growth chamber at 28°C with 70% RH. Spray-inoculated needles initially showed yellow spots within two weeks and turned brown six weeks after inoculation, whereas the controls remained symptom-free. The pathogen was re-isolated from the inoculated needles but not from controls. To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. dimidiatum causing needle blight on P. pungens in Turkey and worldwide (Farr and Rossman 2023).
First report of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum associated with dieback and canker of common fig (Ficus carica L.) in Turkey
(SpringerLink, 2022) Güney, İnci Güler; Bozoğlu, Tuğba; Özer, Göksel; Türkölmez, Şahimerdan; Derviş, Sibel
In 2020, a canker disease with dieback of branches and decline of various fig trees in Şanlıurfa and Mardin provinces of Turkey was observed. The causal pathogen was identified as Neoscytalidium dimidiatum based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of ITS, tef1, and tub2 loci. Koch’s postulates were confirmed by successful re-isolation of N. dimidiatum only from plants inoculated with the pathogen. This is the first report of N. dimidiatum associated with dieback and canker of common fig in Turkey.
First report of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum causing blight of Melissa officinalis in Turkey
(SpringerLink, 2021) Özer, Göksel; Günen, Tacettin Utku; Koşar, İslim; Güney, İnci Güler; Derviş, Sibel
In July 2020, a blight disease on lemon balm plants was observed with an incidence of up to 10% in three fields in Sanliurfa province, Turkey. The causal agent was identified as Neoscytalidium dimidiatum based on macro- and micro-morphological features of the colonies and sequencing of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene and the internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA. Re-isolation of N. dimidiatum from lemon balm plants showing blight symptoms was successfully established. To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. dimidiatum causing blight on lemon balm in Turkey and worldwide.
First report of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum causing foliar and stem blight of lavender in Turkey
(SpringerLink, 2021) Güney, İnci Güler; Özer, Göksel; Turan, İrem; Koşar, İslim; Derviş, Sibel
Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) is a valuable medicinal and aromatic plant in Turkey, with a cultivated area of 2,218 hectares in 2020 (TURKSTAT 2021). In June 2020, wilting, extensive stem and leaf blight or necrosis were observed in two-year-old lavender plants cultivated in the experimental felds of the GAP Agricultural Research Institute, Şanlıurfa, Turkey.
Lavanta (Lavandula Angustifolia) Bitkisinden İzole Edilen Endofitik Bakterilerin Antifungal Etkisinin Belirlenmesi
(2024) Keske, Mehmet Ata; Güney, İnci Güler
Bu çalışmada, lavanta bitkisinin kök ve kök boğazından 70 endofitik bakteri izole edilmiştir. Bu izolatların morfolojik, fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal aktiviteleri incelenmiştir. Endofitik izolatların patojenlere karşı % inhibisyon oranları Neoscytalidium dimidiatum'a karşı %89 ile %3,7 arasında Fusarium culmorum'a karşı ise %88 ile %8 arasında ve Fusarium oxysporum'a karşı %71,8 ile %36,1 arasında farklılık göstermiştir. İzolatların fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal özellikleri, antagonistik aktiviteleri, enzim aktiviteleri, siderofor üretimleri dikkate alınarak etkili 5 izolat seçilmiştir. İn-vitro koşullarda etkili bulunan 5 izolatın 16S rRNA gen tabanlı sekans analizi sonucuna göre LA 24, LA25, LA32, LA58 ve LA62 kodlu izolatların Bacillus spp. olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İn-vivo serada yapılan saksı denemesi çalışmaları sonucunda, kök daldırma ve toprağa inokule edilen Bacillus spp. (LA24+LA62) karışımları ile inokule edilmiş lavanta bitkilerinde diğer endofitik bakteri izolatlarına ve kontrole göre daha iyi sonuçlar vermiştir. Bu uygulamanın lavanta bitkisinin bitki boyu, yaş ağırlık, kuru ağırlık, kök yaş ağırlığı, kök kuru ağırlığı ve kök uzunluğu ve hastalıklara karşı en etkili sonuçlar verdiğini göstermiştir. Bunu takip eden diğer etkili uygulama ise lavanta bitkilerine inokule edilmiş Bacillus sp. (LA25) bakteri uygulaması olmuştur. Çalışmadan elde edilecek sonuçlar ile endofitik bakterilerin sürdürülebilir organik lavanta yetiştiriciliğinde diğer endofitik bakteri izolatlarına ve kontrole göre etkili bulunan izolatın daha sonra ticari olarak kullanılmak üzere sunulacaktır. Anahtar kelimeler: Antagonistik aktivite, tıbbı ve aromatik bitkiler, Lavandula angustifolia
Morchella esculenta-based chitosan bionanocomposites: Evaluation as an antifungal agent
(Wiley Online Library, 2022) Acay, Hilal; Yildirim, Ayfer; Güney, İnci Güler; Derviş, Sibel
Considering the damage caused by fungicides to human health and problems such as microbial resistance, biological control against plant pathogens has started to gain importance worldwide. This research demonstrates a new, simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly method for synthesizing chitosan bionanocomposite (CBNC) from Morchella esculenta (L) Pers-extract (MEE). The antifungal property of the synthesized Morchella esculenta (L) Pers-chitosan bionanocomposite (MCBNC) against some plant pathogens was also evaluated. FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM, DSC, TGA, and BET were used to characterize the synthesized MCBNC. Mushroom-based chitosan nanoparticles were evaluated for antifungal activity against some fungal pathogens, including Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae, N. dimidiatum, Alternaria alternata, Verticillium dahliae, Bipolaris sorokiniana, and Colletotrichum sp. The findings obtained clearly showed that chitosan nanoparticles have antifungal activity. The results suggest that the chitosan nanoparticle can be used in the field to protect various crops from phytopathogens. Novelty impact statement Chitosan bionanocomposite (MCBNC) synthesis was performed for the first time using the wild mushroom Morchella esculenta, which has strong bioactive properties. It was observed that the bionanomaterial, which was characterized by FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM, DSC, TGA, and BET analyses, has high antifungal activity against plant pathogens such as Alternaria alternata and Bipolaris sorokiniana. MCBNCs synthesized by the green synthesis method can be an important area of use in the fight against plant pathogens, which corresponds to 1/3 of the world's agricultural production potential.
A novel blight and root rot of chickpea: A new host for Neoscytalidium dimidiatum
(ScienceDirect, 2023) Güney, İnci Güler; Bozoğlu, Tuba; Özer, Göksel; Derviş, Sibel
In the southeastern province of Mardin in Turkey, a severe and novel fungal infection affected all chickpea plant parts, resulting in blight symptoms on stem, petiole, branch, and leaf, defoliation, seed and root rot, and death. Neoscytalidium dimidiatum was identified as the agent responsible for this new blight and root rot using sequence analysis of the ITS, tef1, and tub2 loci as well as morphological data. The pathogen was found in all surveyed districts and fields, with varying incidences of blight and root rot, blight being nearly twice (40%) as common as root rot (21%), and root-rotted and blighted plants co-occurring in the majority of instances. All 92 N. dimidiatum isolates from various tissues induced necrotic lesions on the inoculated plants, indicating they were pathogenic for chickpea. Conidia exhibited germination across a temperature range, with increasing temperatures positively influencing germination rates, and mycelial growth was significantly influenced by temperature, with the optimal growth temperature observed to be 35 °C. The response of 25 Turkish chickpea cultivars and three other genotypes when subjected to inoculation with Ciar 12 and Ciar 78 isolates, representative of phylogenetic clusters, was evaluated based on the severity of blight and root rot. The majority of cultivars and genotypes displayed high susceptibility and suffered mortality when exposed to either soil or spray inoculation with each isolate. Among the assessed cultivars and genotypes, Çağatay had the lowest severity of root rot. This study is the first to report a natural infection of chickpea plants by N. dimidiatum. Under global warming, this may be detrimental to chickpea cultivation and habitat in southeastern Turkey, which is the origin of chickpeas.