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ANALYSIS OF PROMISING BARLEY (Hordeum vulgare L.) LINES PERFORMANCE BY AMMI AND GGE BIPLOT IN MULTIPLE TRAITS AND ENVIRONMENT
(APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, 2019) Kendal, Enver; Karaman, Mehmet; Tekdal, Sertaç; Doğan, Serap
The development of stable and adaptable new cultivars are based only on positive results obtained from the interaction between the genotype and the environment. Therefore, the study aimed to test the stability and general adaptability of promising barley lines in terms of grain yield and traits in multi-environments. For this purpose, twelve barley genotypes were used in the study. The trials were carried out with four replications in a random design at seven environments in years 2012-13 and 201314. The superior and stable genotypes were identified with GGE biplot and AMMI (Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) models. The AMMI analysis showed that the major treatment sum of squares was affected by environments (80.6%), GE (14.0%) and genotypes (5.4%), respectively. On the other hand, the first two principal component axes (PCA 1 and PCA 2) contributed to the complete interaction with 88.1%, whereas, PCA 3 and PCA 4 axes only with 12.0%. The GGE biplot indicated that G4 is adaptable for all environments, while Altikat, G2 and G3 showed specific adaptation to E1, E3 and E5, G6, G7 and G8 to E6, respectively. According to both techniques, G2, G3, G6, G7, G8 and Altikat were the best genotypes with high yield, whereas G4 was the best with high yield, and stable and general adaptation. The results of biplot indicated that G4 (ARUPO /K8755//MORA/3/CERISE/SHYRI//ALEL I/4/CANELA/5/HART-BAR) was recommended for release and it was released as HEVSEL in 2017. On the other hand; G7 and G6 were protected as genetic material to use as parent in breeding programs for yield stability and quality respectively.
Assessment of Parametric and Non-parametric Methods for Selecting Stable and Adapted Durum Wheat Genotypes in Multi-Environments
(Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 2010) Kılıç, Hasan; Akçura, Mevlüt; Aktaş , Hüsnü
Seventeen parametric and non-parametric methods for grain yield of 5 cultivars and 20 advanced durum wheat genotypes evaluated across 10 environments during the 2004-2007 growing seasons were used to assess performance stability and adaptability of the genotypes as well as to study interrelationship among these methods. Biplot analysis based on the rank correlation matrix indicated that most non-parametric methods were significantly inter-correlated with parametric methods. The results also showed that stability methods could be classified into four groups based on biplot analyses. The group related to the dynamic stability concept and strongly correlated with mean grain yield included the parameters of regression coefficient (bi), alpha (αi), TOP (proportion of environments in which a genotype ranked in the top third), environmental variance (Si2), coefficient of variation (CVi), Di2, Si(3) and Si(6). The second group included Wricke’s ecovalence (Wi2), the Huehn’s parameters [Si(1) Si(2)], Shukla’s stability variance (σ2i), Plaisted and Peterson’s parameter (P59) and Tai’s model (λi) which were influenced by both yield and stability simultaneously. The third group included Kang’s parameter (RS) and superiority index (Pi), which only measures stability. Genotypes 18, 16 and 2 were most stables based on parametric and non-parametric stability methods used.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF ECOLOGICAL FACTORS ON YIELD AND QUALITY PARAMETERS IN TRITICALE USING GGE BIPLOT AND AMMI ANALYSIS
(Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2016) Kendal, Enver; Sayar, Mehmet Salih; Tekdal, Sertaç; Aktaş , Hüsnü; Karaman, Mehmet
We examined the effects of late spring frost on grain yield (GY) and quality of spring triticale ( × Triticosecale) genotypes, based on genotype plus genotype × environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis. The study included a total of 25 genotypes, including 20 advanced lines, 3 triticale varieties, and 2 candidate lines. The genotypes were evaluated for GY and quality traits during the 2012/2013 (normal season) and 2013/2014 (late spring frost) seasons. We observed significant differences between seasons for GY and quality traits, as affected by changing environmental conditions over the two seasons. Late spring frost caused a statis tically significant 50% reduction in GY, 7.1% reduction in test weight (TW), and 26.1% reduction in thousand grain weight (TGW); however, it positively affected protein content (PC), and it increased by 42.6%. We observed that early heading genotypes were differently affected by late spring frost, compared to late maturing genotypes, in terms of GY, TW, and TGW. The GGE biplot analysis highlighted three and four distinct groups of traits in the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 growing seasons, respectively. Results from the GGE biplot analysis revealed that G12 and G16 were stable and ideal genotypes for all of the traits in the 2012/2013 season, and G10 and G23 were stable and ideal for the 2013/2014 season. In addition, G10 was the best genotype averaged over the t wo growing seasons. The genotypes G9, G13, and G17 were more stable and higher yielding, based on Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis, compared to the remaining genotypes.
Changes of scent components with animal manure and chemical fertilizer applications on Rosa damascena Mill.
(V. Allézard, 2023) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
This study was conducted to examine the effect of animal manure and inorganic fertilizers on the scent composition of Rosa damascena Mill. in 2022. Animal manure (AM), nitrogen phosphate (NP 20-20-0), diammonium phosphate (DAP 18-46), monoammonium phosphate (MAP 24-61), and triple superphosphate (TSP) were used as fertilizers, along with a control group. Headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was utilized to analyze the volatile components of roses. Major components were heneicosane (15.89–27.76%), citronellol (8.90–18.30%), nonadecene (7.90–13.83%), geraniol (6.14–8.27%), nerol (3.03–6.90%), eicosane (1.13–7.85%), and germacrene-D (2.41–5.45%). The highest percentages of citronellol (18.3%), nerol (6.9%) and total terpenes (55.77%) were obtained by animal fertilization, while the highest percentage of long–chain (aliphatic) hydrocarbon (43.60%) was obtained by NP (20-20) fertilization. The control group had the greatest level of geraniol (8.27%), followed by applications of TSP and animal manure (7.39% and 7.20%, respectively). Methyl eugenol (ME) was most abundantly produced by TSP (0.85%), whereas it was least abundantly produced by the control group (0.13%). The closest ME (0.20%) to the control group was produced by animal manure application. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that animal fertilization used in organic agriculture enhances the quality of plant essential oils.
COHERENT FERTILIZATION REGIMES BOOST PRODUCTIVITY AND NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF SOYBEAN (Glycine max. L. Merrill)
(Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2021) Eliçin, Ahmet Konuralp; Öztürk, Ferhat; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Koca, Yakup Kenan; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir
Environmental pollution sed by leaching and gaseous issions from chemical fertilizers necessitates evluation and optimization of organic sources of plant nutrition for soybean production under changing climate scenario. A field study was executed to test different fertilization regimes including chemical fertilizers (CF) (80 kg N and 80 kg P2O5 ha(-1)), sheep barn manure (SBM) (5161 kg ha(-1)). cattle barn manure (CBM) (4878 kg ha(-1)), liquid cattle barn manure (LCBM) (27580 kg ha(-1)) and vermicompost (VC) (4000 kg ha(-1)). The yield attributes, grain yield and fatty acid composition of soybean were taken as response variables in this investigation. The experimental design was randomized complete block design with three replications. The results revealed that SBM and CF recorded the tallest plants and first pod height respectively at both R1 and R5 growth stages, In addition, SBM remained superior for recording significantly higher leaf number at R1 and R5 and node number at R5 stage along with maximum pod number and seeds per pod. The maximum 1000 grain weight and grain yield were exhibited by LCBM which was followed by SBM. In addition, CBM gave the highest protein content while LCBM recorded the maximum oil percentage along with linoleic, mysteric and behenic acid contents, Furthermore, LCBM outperformed other fertilization regimes in terms of palmitoleic, stearic, linolenic and arachidic acids percentages along with oleic: linoleic acid ratio.
Comparıson Of Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Lınes Wıth Regıstered Cultıvars In Terms Of Yıeld And Qualıty Characterıstıcs
(Applied Ecology And Environmental Research, 2020) Karaman, Mehmet; Aktaş , Hüsnü
The study was carried out under rainfall conditions during the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 growing seasons in Diyarbakir province of Turkey. The experiment had designed as a randomized block design with 3 replications. The aim of the study was to determine the lines that were superior in terms of yield and quality to the varieties. The experimental material consisted of 20 bread wheat lines and 5 standard varieties. According to the results of variance analysis; significant differences were observed between genotypes in all features at 1%. Grain yield (GY) had a significant positive relationship with test weight (TW), and a significant negative relationship with wet gluten (WG). Also, grain hardness (GH) (PSI: Particle size index) had significant negative relationship with TW, and a significant positive relationship with plant height (PH) and heading time (HT). 4 lines in grain yield, 3 lines in test weight, 1 line in protein content, 4 lines in zeleny sedimentation and 1 line in wet gluten showed superior performance than all standards. It is concluded that the G19 and G24 lines may be candidates for registration.
CONJUNCTED FERTILIZATION REGIMES BOOST SEED YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)
(2022) Eliçin, Ahmet Konuralp; Öztürk, Ferhat; Koca, Yakup Kenan; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Tazebay Asan, Nihan; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir
In the frame of sustainable farming systems to decrease chemical fertilizers use and protect the en vironment, organic fertilization regimes hold poten tial as an alternative strategy to supply essential nu trients to crops. A field trial was conducted to sort out the most superior fertilization regime for boost ing sunflower production and quality under semi arid conditions. Treatments included chemical ferti lizer (Cf) (80 kg N ha-1 and 80 kg P205 ha-1 ), manure from sheep barn manure (MSB) (5161 kg ha-1 ), ma nure from cattle barn (MCB) (4878 kg ha-1 ), liquid manure from cattle barn (LMCB) (27580 kg ha-1 ) and vermicompost (VCm) (4000 kg ha-1 ), while a control treatment was kept for comparison purpose. The randomized complete block design (RCBD) with regular arrangement was implied to execute the experiment having three replications. The results ex hibited that MSB outperformed rest of fertilization regimes for plant height and leaf number. In contrast, the maximum 1000 seed weight and seed yield were recorded by LMCB. The MCB remained unmatched for protein content, while no significant effect of fer tilization regimes was recorded for oil content. Re garding chemical composition, control exhibited the maximum palmitic and stearic acids, while MSB gave the highest arachidic acid.
Determination of suitable nitrogen doses for growing second product maize (Zea mays L.) varieties in chickpea planting fields and its economic analysis
(AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION CENTRE, 2015) Doğan, Yusuf
The experiment was executed in three repetitions according to “The Split Plots in Randomised Blocks Design” in the 2013- 14 growing seasons. As material; commercial maize varieties Dekalp 5401, Dekalp 5783, Pioneer PR32T83 and Syncero were selected. Three nitrogen doses [0, 150, and 300 kg ha-1 (Ammonium nitrate)] and 80 kg ha-1 phosphorus (P2O5 : TSP: triple super phosphate) were used. According to the two year results, the highest seed yield was obtained with Syncero (9.527 kg ha-1) and Dekalp 5401 (9.491 kg ha-1), the lowest was provided with Dekalp 5783 (823.1 kg ha-1). In terms of the effect of nitrogen doses on seed yield, the highest value was obtained from 300 kg ha-1 application at 10.212 kg ha-1, the lowest value was obtained through the control plot (0 kg ha-1) at 7.844 kg ha-1. The economic analysis, showed that yield level increased as the dose raises. The highest revenue-generating dose was 300 kg ha-1 among the nitrogenous fertilizer applications. In this context, a profit of USD 2.87 was made in return for a cost of USD 1.00. As further doses should be applied for a net determination, it is difficult to estimate if this is the most profitable dose. Under the circumstances, however, it can be stated that the highest profitability is possible through this application (the 3rd).
Determining Irrigation Scheduling and Different Manure Sources of Yield and Nutrition Content on Maize (Zea Mays L.) Cultivation
(Corvinus University of Budapest, 2019) Dogan, Y.; Togay, N.; Togay, Y.; Doğan, Yusuf
The aim of this study was to determine the most suitable irrigation schedules and sources of manure for maize under Mardin ecological conditions. For this purpose, four sources of fertilizer and three irrigation schedules were applied in hybrid maize cultivar to find out their effects on the yield and yield factors in the years of 2014 and 2015. The study used a randomized complete block with split block design with 3 replications. In the study, significant differences were determined on traits at the level of 1% and 5%. The plant height, first cob height, cob length, number of seeds per cob, cob yield, 1000 seed weight, seed yield per unit, hectoliter, protein and oil ratio in seed, Mg, K, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, Na, Ca content of seeds were significantly influenced by irrigation schedules and sources of fertilizer for two years. The highest values were obtained from chicken manure with 9646 kg ha-1 in the first year and 11019 kg ha-1 in the second year, whereas the lowest values were obtained from control with 6363 and 6662 kg ha-1 for the first year and the second, respectively. But the difference between 180-80 kg N-P2O5 - ha-1 and chicken manure was not statistically significant in the second year. According to the irrigation schedules, the grain yield ranged between 6386-10678 kg/ha in the first year and 7575-12133 kg ha-1 in the second year. The lowest grain yield per area was from the four-irrigation application, whereas the highest values were obtained from the six-irrigation application. The results of the study showed that grain yield and nutrient level of corn seeds increased, depending on irrigation time and number. © 2019, ALÖKI Kft., Budapest, Hungary.
DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF SPAD, YIELD COMPONENT AND NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY OF SOME BREAD WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER LOW AND HIGH NITROGEN LEVELS
(2020) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat
Wheat is an extremely essential food crop. It offers a huge wealth of material for genetic analyses due to its broad ecological distribution. Due to ex traordinary production cost and restrain the pollution to the environment, it is imperative to decrease the amount of nitrogen (N) fertilizer used on wheat crops. Therefore, a full diallel cross mating design among 4 bread wheat was determined under low (Nt0, no N fertilizer) and high (Nt15, 150 kg N ha−1 ) N levels for SPAD, some quality and nitrogen use efficiency characters to assess general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects and their interactions with nitrogen levels. The analysis of variance was significant for all the characters which showed a significant variability be tween the two nitrogen levels, except for the starch content. GCA was highly significant effects for SPAD at heading growth stage, SPAD at the anthesis growth stage, thousand kernel weight (TWK) and starch content. While SCA effects were highly sig nificant for grain yield, grain nitrogen yield (GNY), grain nitrogen yield nitrogen use efficiency (gnyNUE) and grain yield nitrogen use efficiency (gyNUE). The GCA / SCA ratio was less than one for grain yield, GNY, gnyNUE and gyNUE. These findings indicate that the non-additive genetic ef fects were more significant than additive gene action and played a key role in these traits. Cultivar 84CZT04 had the best GCA effects for TWK, pro tein content, grain yield, GNY, gnyNUE and gyNUE at low and high N levels.
DROUGHT TOLERANCE INDICES OF SELECTED LANDRACES AND BREAD WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) GENOTYPES DERIVED FROM SYNTHETIC WHEATS
(APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, 2016) Aktaş , Hüsnü
The present study was performed to determine performance of selected four synthetic derived bread wheat genotypes, four bread wheat landraces and four modern wheat genotypes under rain-fed and supplemented irrigation experiments based on randomized complete block design with four replications at GAP International Agricultural Research and Training Center, Diyarbakır, Turkey in 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 growing seasons. According to results of pairwise correlation and biplot analysis, significant and positive correlation was observed between grain yield in stress condition (Ys) and stress tolerant index (STI), geometric mean productivity (GMP), mean productivity (MP), harmonic productivity (HM), yield stability index (YSI), yield index (YI), drought resistance index (DI) and stress non-stress production index (SNPI) indicating these indices can be used as parameters for evaluating drought tolerant genotypes. Negative correlation between grain yield in stress (Ys) with SSI and no correlation with TOL indicated that these indices should be used in severe drought conditions for screening genotypes. Number seed in spike (NSS), plant height (PH) and thousand kernel weight (TKW) correlated with grain yield in stress conditions (Ys) according to biplot analysis, also genotypes with lower reduction relating to these traits had higher yield in stress conditions. According to results SEN-DER genotypes G7, G10, landrace group genotype G11 (Sorık) were determined as the most tolerant genotypes to be used to improve drought tolerant varieties, while modern wheat genotypes G4 (Ceyhan-99) and G2 (Tekin) were high productive in irrigation conditions and low productive in rain-fed conditions.
The effect of different phosphorus doses on agronomic and quality characteristics of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)
(ALÖKI Kft., 2020) İzgi, Mehmet Necat
In a two-year study, under the environmental conditions of the plains of Mardin province in Turkey, the effects of different doses of phosphorus (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 kg ha-1) on the yield and quality characteristics of the coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) were examined. Plant characteristics such as plant height, number of branches, number of umbels, thousand seed weight and seed yield were examined, besides quality characteristics such as essential oil rate and composition. The essential oil was isolated with a Clevenger apparatus from mature fruits. Essential oil components were determined with Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results revealed that phosphorus doses affect the plant characteristics of coriander including plant height, number of branches, number of umbels and thousand fruit weight with positive significance. Fruit yield was not affected significantly. Phosphorus doses had a significant positive effect on essential oil rate. Increasing phosphorus doses affected rates of α-pinene, geranyl acetate and camphor positively. However, Linalool and γ-terpinene were not affected by phosphorus doses significantly. The application of 120 kg phosphorus per hectare, which had the highest essential oil rate in both years, can be recommended in coriander farming.
EFFECT OF FERTILIZATION AND SEED SIZE ON NODULATION, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.)
(APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, 2017) Erdemci, İrfan; Aktaş , Hüsnü; Nadeem, Muhammad Azhar
This study investigated the effects of seed size and fertilizer usage with seed at planting on agronomic parameters of chickpea as a winter crop. The experiment was conducted according to split-split plots of randomized blocks with four replications. As factorial two chickpea varieties (Arda and Diyar 95), two fertilizer applications (with and without fertilizer) and three seed sizes (large, medium and small) are discussed in this study. The results showed that fertilizer applications along with seed at planting and large seed increased significantly the number of seed per plant, number of pods, biological yield, grain yield and 100-grain weight. However, fertilizer applications with large seeds had a negative effect on the output of the seeds and reduced grain yield per unit. In general, plants germinating from large seed had higher number of pods and number of seeds plant-1, 100 seed weight, biological and seed yield plant-1, while plants germinated from medium seed had higher emergence percentage, first pod hight, nodule fresh weight plant-1 and grain yield ha-1. These effects tend to decrease in chickpea varieties having medium-grain weight as Arda. It was concluded that, application of fertilizer along with seed during the sowing time results in decreased emergence percentage of the seeds and lower the yield in chickpea.
Effect Of Hmw And Lmw Glutenın Alleles On Qualıty Traıts Of Bread Wheat
(Genetika, 2020) Aktaş , Hüsnü; Şener, Okan
This study was performed to investigate impact of HMW and LMW glutenin alleles on quality traits of bread wheat cultivars. Fifteen bread wheat varieties were used for field trails during 2012-13 and 2013-14 under irrigated conditions of Diyarbakir and Mardin locations, Turkey. We investigated the quality of varieties that have same HMW-GS (High molecular weight subunits) and different LMW-GS (Low molecular weight subunits) or vice versa. Results indicated that GluA3-c > d > e, GluB3-g > b' = i, and GluD3-b = c > a for LMW-GS, and GluB1-7+8 > GluB1-17+18; GluD1-5+10 > GluD1-2+12 for HMW-GS have higher extensograph dough energy, extensibility, resistance, also higher farinograph stability time, gluten index and grain hardness values. The overall evaluation of the results obtained from this study demonstrated that GluA1-1 or 2*, GluB1-7+8 and GluD1-5+10 for HMW glutenin alleles and GluA3-d, GluB3-g and b, GluD3-c for LMW glutenin alleles are associated with a strong gluten structure and accordingly selection of lines harboring these alleles can contribute to the development of genotypes with high quality in wheat breeding programs.
Effects of chemical, organic and microbial fertilization on agronomical growth parameters, seed yield and chemical composition of chickpea
(POLISH SOCIETY MAGNESIUM RESEARCH, 2023) Doğan, Serap; Çığ, Fatih
Because of its valuable nutritional content, chickpea is expected to become the most important crop for the increasingly larger global population. Therefore, this research was carried out in 2018 and 2019 to investigate the effects of microbial (Bacillus-GC group, Pseudomonas tetraodonis and Brevibacillus choshinensis), organic (vermicompost and chicken manure) and chemical (DAP/2 ve DAP) fertilizer applications on yield and nutritient content of two different chickpea cultivars (Arda and Azkan). The experiment was laid out according to a randomized complete split-block design with three replications. The results expressed as the average values of two-year experiments projected that the application of chicken manure significantly improved the morphological traits of chickpea plants compared to the other treatments, while the highest phosphorus content was recorded after the application of farm manure. Additionally, the highest grain yield from both cultivars was obtained owing to the application of chicken manure. Apart from this effect, other microbial applications also played a positive role in plant growth and production, but chicken manure excelled in this respect. Thus, it has been concluded that chicken manure could be used as a suitable alternative to chemical fertilizer for chickpea culti vation in order to create a sustainable agricultural system, increase productivity and protect and improve soil properties.
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF NITROGEN AND CHICKEN MANURE ON TIR WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L. var. leucospermum (K o r n.) F a r w.) YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS
(SCIBULCOM LTD, 2015) Toğay, Necat; Toğay, Yeşim; Doğan, Yusuf; Doğan, Yusuf
Chicken manure is a concentrated and quick acting fertiliser. Application of chicken manure at optimum doses together with nitrogen fertilising may provide balanced significant increase of crop productivity and production quality. In this study, the effects of nitrogen doses (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg nitrogen ha(-1) with sowing and 60 kg nitrogen ha(-1) top fertiliser with tillering season except control plots in total 0, 100, 140, 180 and 220 kg nitrogen ha(-1)) under the condition with chicken manure (10 t ha(-1)) and without chicken manure on yield and yield components of Tir wheat were investigated. Experiment was laid out in Split Plots Design in Randomised Blocks with 3 replicates in Yuzuncu Yil University, in 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 growing seasons. While the highest seed yield was obtained at the chicken manure and 180 kg ha(-1) nitrogen fertiliser as 2346 and 2073 kg ha(-1), repectively, the lowest seed yield was obtained without chicken manure and control as 1451 and 1270 kg he in years of 2011-2012 and 2012-2013, respectively. The results of the study indicated that nitrogen and chicken manure applications increased significantly the seed yield and yield components.
EFFECTS OF HUMIC ACID AND PHOSPHORUS APPLICATIONS ON NUTRIENT COMPOSITION OF LENTIL (Lens culinaris Medic.)
(Oxidation Communications, 2016) Toğay, Yeşim; Doğan, Yusuf; Toğay, Necat; Doğan, Yusuf
Lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) is an important food crop with high protein content. This study aimed to determine the effects of increasing doses of phosphorus and humic acid applications on P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, protein ratio and seed yield in lentil cultivar. The study was carried out in the research and application during the 2008–2009 and 2009–2010 cropping seasons in field of Agriculture Faculty Yuzuncu Yil University, Turkey. The experiment comprised a factorial randomised complete block design replicated three times with three phosphorus treatments 0, 40 and 80 kg ha–1, as triple superphosphate, and three humic acid treatments 0, 300 and 600 kg ha–1. For basic fertilisation 40 kg ha–1 ammonium sulphate were applied for nitrogen. The nutrient contents of seed and yield were significantly increased by increasing phosphorus and humic acid levels except for Zn content nutrient. The combination between phosphorus at 80 kg P2 O5 ha–1 and humic acid at 600 kg ha–1 gave the highest growth and production as well as minerals composition (P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu and Mn) and protein content compared to other treatments. Humic acid increased the availability of phosphors, macronutrients and micronutrients.
Effects of Zno Nanoparticules Produced by Green Synthesis on Germination and Seedling Of Salvia Officinalis L. Seeds
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2021) Gunes, Zubeyir; Toncer, Ozlem; Eren, Abdullah
Nanotechnology is a research subject in many interdisciplinary engineering fields today. Nanoparticles have important effects on seed germination and seedling growth of plants. The aim of this study has been to produce a 54.68 nm-sized ZnO nanoparticle obtained from the Nigella sativa L. plant by green synthesis. The effect of medicinal sage (Salvia officinalis L.) on germination of plant seeds and seedling growth was investigated. The trial was set up under controlled conditions and conducted for 14 days according to a factorial trial design with 5 replications for each dose (0, 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 mg ZnO NP kg-1). As a result of ZnO NP application in different doses, germination of Salvia officinalis L. seeds varied between 90-94%, stem length was 1.86-2.92 cm and shoot length was between 1.01-1.98 cm. The highest root and shoot length was obtained after the application of 2.5 mg ZnO kg-1 NP. In the light of the results, ZnO nanoparticles are thought to be useful for seed development and agricultural applications.
ENHANCING DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN CAMELINA SATIVA L. AND CANOLA (BRASSICA NAPUS L.) THROUGH APPLICATION OF SELENIUM
(2020) Ahmad, Zahoor; Waraich, Ejaz Ahmad; Barutçular, Celaleddin; Alharby, Hesham; Bamagoos, Atif; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Öztürk, Ferhat; Hossain, Akbar; Bayoumi, Yousry; EL SABAGH, Ayman
Considering the burning issue the present study was undertaken in pot culture at the Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies (CIDS), The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan for enhancing drought tolerance in two oilseed crops (OC) crops camelina (Camelina sativa L.) and canola (Canola napus L.) through improving physiological, biochemical, and antioxidants activity by foliar application of selenium (Se) under drought stress. Two Camelina (i.e., ‘Australian Camelina’ and ‘Canadian Camelina’) and canola genotypes (i.e., ‘AARI Canola’ and ‘UAF Canola’) were used as plant materials during the growing season of 2016. Both Camelina and Canola genotypes were grown under normal (100% FC) and water deficit (drought stress) (40% FC) conditions. Four levels of Se: such as seeds priming with 75μM Se, foliar application of Se at 7.06 μM and foliar Se in combination with seeds priming (7.06 μM & 75μM) along with control were applied at the vegetative stage of both OC crops for screening drought tolerant genotypes. All treatments were arranged three times in a randomized complete block design. Both OC crops were grown upto the maturity and data on physiochemical, antioxidants and yield components were recorded during this study. Results of the present study indicated that the physio-biochemical parameters such as WP (water potential), OP (osmotic potential), TP (turgor pressure), proline, TSS (total soluble sugar), TFAA (total free amino acids), TPr (total proteins) and TS (total sugars); and total chlorophyll contents were improved by foliar application Se along with seed priming by Se in both OC crops in both drought stress and non-stress (control) conditions. Similarly, osmoprotectants such as GB (Glycinebetaine), anthocyanin, TPC (total phenolic contents) and flavonoids; as well as antioxidants such as APX (ascorbate peroxidase), SOD (superoxide dismutase), POD (peroxidase) and CAT (catalase) were also showed better enhancement in both OC crops through foliar application in combination with seed priming with Se (7.06 μM & 75μM) under normal as well as water deficit (drought) conditions. Yield and its components i.e., branches plant-1 (no.), 1000-seed weight (g), seed and biological yield (t ha-1 ) of both OC crops were increased through foliar application in combination with seed priming by Se (7.06 μM & 75μM) under drought and non-drought stress conditions. Both camelina and Canola genotypes categorized based on all the above-mentioned parameters under the water deficit (drought stress) condition and foliar application of Se, the genotype ‘Canadian Camelina’ maintained the highest values for all these attributes. Therefore, it is revealed that foliar application in combination with seed priming by Se helps to improve drought tolerance of OC crops and also leads to an increase in the productivity of crops under drought stress. Among the genotypes, ‘Canadian Camelina’ performed the best when seeds of the genotypes were primed with Se in combination with foliar application of Se at the vegetative stage.
Evaluation Of Bread And Einkorn Wheat Under in Vıtro Drought stress
(The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 2017) Aslan, Didem; Aktaş , Hüsnü; Ordu, Bülent; Zencirci, Nüsret
The purpose of this study was to investigate the resistance of bread and einkorn wheat genotypes under in vitro conditionsagainst drought stress during germination. Twelve bread and ten einkorn wheat genotypes were used as plant material and sevendrought stress levels were appliedbased ona three-replicate factorial restricted randomized block design in order to investigate their effects on germination rate (GR), germinating power (GP), coleoptile length (CL), shoot length (SL), root length (RL), shoot root length ratio (SRLR), root fresh weight (RFW), root dry weight (RDW), and root fresh dry weight ratio (RFDWR) during the year 2014-2015. PEG–6000 was used toevaluate the effect of drought stress under in vitro conditions on the wheat genotypes.The values of all traits were decreasedbytheincreased effect ofPEG levels (p≤ 0.05).The results of the variance analysisshowedthat thegenotypeshadsignificant statistical differences for theexaminedtraits under drought stress(p < 0.05).According to theresults of theGGE biplot analysis, of the total variation between the genotypes and traits investigated under drought stress (75.97%), PC1and PC2 represented51.51% and 24.47%, respectively. In addition, einkorn wheat populationswerelocated inthesector of GR, GP, and SRL,which means that these populations had agreater performance for these traits under drought stress conditions.Bread wheat and einkorn genotypes behaved differently for the traits under drought stress. It is considered that the results of the field and in vivo experiments for cold and drought stresswill contribute toproducingreliable suggestions.

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