Migrant Entrepreneurs' Adaptation and Survival Strategies: The Case of Gaziantep Province
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2025
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Küresel göç hareketlerinin artmasıyla birlikte, göçmen girişimciliği ekonomik ve sosyal açıdan önemli bir alan hâline gelmiştir. Bu çerçevede, yeni bir çevrede uyum sağlama ve hayatta kalma mücadelesi veren göçmen girişimciler, çeşitli zorluklarla karşılaşmakta ve bu zorlukları aşabilmek için çeşitli stratejiler geliştirmek zorunda kalmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Gaziantep ilinde faaliyet gösteren göçmen girişimcilerin karşılaştıkları başlıca zorlukları ve bu zorlukların üstesinden gelebilmek amacıyla benimsedikleri stratejileri tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında, Gaziantep‟te farklı sektörlerde faaliyet gösteren 11 Suriyeli göçmen girişimci ile gerçekleştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış nitel görüşmeler aracılığıyla, göçmen girişimcilerin iş kurma ve yürütme süreçlerinde karşılaştıkları temel zorluklar ile bu zorlukların üstesinden gelmek için benimsedikleri hayatta kalma stratejileri incelenmiştir. Görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler tematik analiz yöntemiyle çözümlenmiş ve literatürdeki mevcut bulgularla karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, göçmen girişimcilerin dil yetersizliği, bilgi ve deneyim eksikliği, finansmana erişim güçlükleri, yasal prosedürler, pazarlama kısıtlılıkları ve istihdam sorunları gibi çok boyutlu yapısal engellerle karşılaştığını göstermiştir. Bu engelleri aşmak için geliştirilen temel stratejiler ise; dil öğrenimi ve sürekli eğitim, yerel halkla işbirliği, gayri resmî finansman kullanımı, uzman desteği alma, pazarlama faaliyetlerini çeşitlendirme, nitelikli personel istihdamı, sosyal sermaye oluşturma ve rekabetçi stratejiler geliştirme olarak özetlenebilir. Sonuçlar, göçmen girişimcilerin işlerini sadece sürdürmekle kalmayıp, piyasa koşullarına uyum sağlamak ve büyümek için esnek, yenilikçi ve çok yönlü stratejiler benimsediklerini ortaya koymaktadır. Dil becerilerinin geliştirilmesi, sosyal ağların etkin kullanımı, yerel işbirlikleri ve stratejik planlama, sürdürülebilirliklerini artıran temel faktörler arasında yer almaktadır. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma göçmen girişimcilerin karşılaştıkları çok boyutlu zorluklara karşı geliştirdikleri stratejilere ışık tutarak, Türkiye‟de göçmen girişimciliği literatürüne stratejik bir bakış açısı kazandırmakta ve alandaki önemli bir boşluğu doldurmaya katkı sağlamaktadır.
Given the rise in global migration patterns, the phenomenon of migrant entrepreneurship has emerged as a significant domain of economic and social concern. In this framework, migrant entrepreneurs encounter numerous challenges in adapting to and surviving in a new environment, compelling them to devise diverse strategies to overcome these obstacles. The objective of this study is to identify the primary challenges encountered by migrant entrepreneurs operating within the Gaziantep province and the strategies they have adopted to overcome these challenges. The present study sought to examine the primary challenges confronting migrant entrepreneurs in their efforts to establish and operate a business, as well as the survival strategies they employ to overcome these challenges. To this end, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 11 Syrian migrant entrepreneurs operating in various sectors in Gaziantep. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis and evaluated in comparison with existing findings in the literature. The extant research findings indicated that migrant entrepreneurs encounter a multitude of structural obstacles, including language barriers, a lack of knowledge and experience, difficulties in accessing finance, legal procedures, marketing constraints, and employment problems. The primary strategies devised to overcome these barriers can be summarized as follows: language learning and continuing education, cooperation with the local community, use of informal financing, obtaining expert support, diversifying marketing activities, employing qualified personnel, building social capital, and developing competitive strategies. The findings indicate that migrant entrepreneurs demonstrate a capacity to not only maintain their business operations but also employ flexible, innovative, and versatile strategies to adapt to market conditions and expand. The improvement of language skills, the effective use of social networks, local collaborations, and strategic planning have been identified as key factors in enhancing the sustainability of these initiatives. In conclusion, by shedding light on the strategies developed by migrant entrepreneurs against the multidimensional challenges they face, this study brings a strategic perspective to the literature on migrant entrepreneurship in Türkiye and contributes to filling an important gap in the field.
Given the rise in global migration patterns, the phenomenon of migrant entrepreneurship has emerged as a significant domain of economic and social concern. In this framework, migrant entrepreneurs encounter numerous challenges in adapting to and surviving in a new environment, compelling them to devise diverse strategies to overcome these obstacles. The objective of this study is to identify the primary challenges encountered by migrant entrepreneurs operating within the Gaziantep province and the strategies they have adopted to overcome these challenges. The present study sought to examine the primary challenges confronting migrant entrepreneurs in their efforts to establish and operate a business, as well as the survival strategies they employ to overcome these challenges. To this end, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 11 Syrian migrant entrepreneurs operating in various sectors in Gaziantep. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis and evaluated in comparison with existing findings in the literature. The extant research findings indicated that migrant entrepreneurs encounter a multitude of structural obstacles, including language barriers, a lack of knowledge and experience, difficulties in accessing finance, legal procedures, marketing constraints, and employment problems. The primary strategies devised to overcome these barriers can be summarized as follows: language learning and continuing education, cooperation with the local community, use of informal financing, obtaining expert support, diversifying marketing activities, employing qualified personnel, building social capital, and developing competitive strategies. The findings indicate that migrant entrepreneurs demonstrate a capacity to not only maintain their business operations but also employ flexible, innovative, and versatile strategies to adapt to market conditions and expand. The improvement of language skills, the effective use of social networks, local collaborations, and strategic planning have been identified as key factors in enhancing the sustainability of these initiatives. In conclusion, by shedding light on the strategies developed by migrant entrepreneurs against the multidimensional challenges they face, this study brings a strategic perspective to the literature on migrant entrepreneurship in Türkiye and contributes to filling an important gap in the field.
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İşletme, Business Administration
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