SEYF-İ FERGÂNÎ VE GAZELLERİNDE AŞK, ÂŞIK, MAŞUK
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Date
2019
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Abstract
Seyf-i Fergânî, XIII. yüzyılın ikinci çeyreğinde Fergânada dünyaya
gelmiştir. Bir süre Tebriz’de kaldıktan sonra Anadolu’ya gelmiş ve
Aksaray’da ikamet etmiştir. Ömrünün sonuna kadar bu şehirde
yaşayan ve bir iki şiir dışında zamanın hükümdarlarını, emirlerini ve
devlet erkânını övmeyen mutasavvıf bir şairdir. Seyf-i Fergânî’nin hayatı
ve eğitimi hakkında kaynaklarda ve kendi divanında fazla bilgi yoktur.
Yazmış olduğu ârifâne, âşıkâne, tasavvûfi ve nasihat içerikli şiirleri
başta olmak üzere, ayet ve hadislerden iktibas yapması, peygamber
kıssalarına telmîhte bulunması, arûz, kafiye ve edebî sanatlara olan
hâkimiyeti, başta Sa‘dî olmak üzere Senâî, ‘Attâr, Rûdekî gibi
kendisinden önceki usta şairlerin şiirlerine cevap vermesi, nazire
yazması ya da atıfta bulunması; özellikle de Sa‘dî’ye yazmış olduğu
şiirleri onun iyi bir eğitim aldığını göstermektedir. Kaside, kıta, gazel ve
rubâi nazım türlerinden müteşekkil 10.277 beyitten oluşan bir divanı
vardır. Bu divan Zebîhullah Safa tarafından 1392 (2013) yılında
Tahran’da yayımlanmıştır. Çalışmamız bu baskı esas alınarak yapılmış
olan Seyf-i Fergânî’nin Gazellerinin İncelenmesi (Doktora Tezi) adlı
çalışmadan faydalanılarak yapılmıştır. Seyf-i Fergânî hakkında kısaca
bilgi verildikten sonra şairin gazellerinde aşk, âşık ve maşuk ile ilgili
düşünceleri örnek beyitler verilerek incelenmiştir. Seyf’in şiirlerinde
âşık ve maşuk ilişkisi genel itibariyle ilahî aşk için kullanılmıştır. Ancak
ilahî aşk dışında kullanımlar da vardır. İlahî aşk içerikli şiirlerinde,
gerçek sevgili olan Allah’a, ancak ilahî aşkla kavuşulabilir
Seyf-i Fergani was born in Fergâna in the second quarter of the 13th century. After staying in Tebriz for a while, he came to Anatolia and he lived in Aksaray. Seyf who lived in this city until the end of his life and does not praise the rulers, viziers and statesman of the time except for one or two poems, is a mystic poet. There is not adequate information about the life and the education of Seyf-i Fergani either in the sources or in his Divan. Being in the first place his poetries written in intellectual, amorous, mystic and advising manner his citing from verses and hadiths, his showing the prophet’s anecdotes as reference, his full knowledge on aruz prosody, rhyme and literary arts, his responses to the poetries of the former master poets like in first place Sa’di and Senai, ‘Attar, Rudeki, his replies or citing, particularly his poetries which he wrote to Sa’di shows that he received a good education. There is a divan consisting of 10,277 couplets composed of ode, verse, gazelle and rubaie poetry genres. This divan was published in Tehran in 1392 (2013) by Zebihullah Safa. İn this work, we used thesis with tittle of the analysıs of Seyf-i Fergânî’s Gazelles. After a brief introduction was given about Seyf-i Fergânî’s life, his thoughts about love, lover and beloved in his gazelles were examined with examples of couplets. In the poetries of Seyf the connection of lover and beloved was used generally for divine love. However, there also usages except the divine love. In his poetries including the divine love one could only reach Allah, the real beloved, with divine love.
Seyf-i Fergani was born in Fergâna in the second quarter of the 13th century. After staying in Tebriz for a while, he came to Anatolia and he lived in Aksaray. Seyf who lived in this city until the end of his life and does not praise the rulers, viziers and statesman of the time except for one or two poems, is a mystic poet. There is not adequate information about the life and the education of Seyf-i Fergani either in the sources or in his Divan. Being in the first place his poetries written in intellectual, amorous, mystic and advising manner his citing from verses and hadiths, his showing the prophet’s anecdotes as reference, his full knowledge on aruz prosody, rhyme and literary arts, his responses to the poetries of the former master poets like in first place Sa’di and Senai, ‘Attar, Rudeki, his replies or citing, particularly his poetries which he wrote to Sa’di shows that he received a good education. There is a divan consisting of 10,277 couplets composed of ode, verse, gazelle and rubaie poetry genres. This divan was published in Tehran in 1392 (2013) by Zebihullah Safa. İn this work, we used thesis with tittle of the analysıs of Seyf-i Fergânî’s Gazelles. After a brief introduction was given about Seyf-i Fergânî’s life, his thoughts about love, lover and beloved in his gazelles were examined with examples of couplets. In the poetries of Seyf the connection of lover and beloved was used generally for divine love. However, there also usages except the divine love. In his poetries including the divine love one could only reach Allah, the real beloved, with divine love.
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Keywords
Seyf-i Fergânî, Divan, Gazel, Aşk, Âşık ve Maşuk., Seyf-i Fergânî, Divan, Gazelle, Love, Lover and Beloved.
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Source
Turkish Studies
Volume
14
Issue
3
Start Page
1881
End Page
1895