Side-Blow Technique in the Hakemi Use Chipped Stone Industry: Neolithic Efficiency and Functionality (Diyarbakır/TÜRKİYE)

Abstract

This study examines the side-blow technique, a significant component of the chipped stone industry at the Late Neolithic settlement of Hakemi Use, from technological, typological, and functional perspectives. A total of 266 obsidian artifacts were analyzed; including 164 cores for side-blow blade-flakes and 102 side-blow blade-flakes. Morphometric data, microscopic use-wear analyses, and experimental replication demonstrate that the technique represents a standardized and controlled flaking strategy. The results show that obsidian blades were transformed into small, sharp, and functional units with minimal modification. Use-wear traces, particularly on the cores, indicate contact with soft organic materials, suggesting use in plant processing or similar activities. Experimental observations further reveal that the method is rapid, controlled, and easily applied without requiring advanced knapping skills. Overall, the findings suggest that the side-blow technique reflects deliberate, efficient, and economically conscious raw material management and production organization.