Substitution Effects in Tourism and Hospitality: Influential Factors, Examples, and Propositions

Abstract

The main purpose of this investigation was to explore consumer substitution decisions in tourism and hospitality. The specific aim was to identify influential factors, find relevant supporting examples, and put forward propositions associated with substitutions. This research note is based on an exploratory research study and was qualitative in design. The data were gathered using literature reviewing and identifying and analysing relevant substitution cases and examples for proposition support. As such, seven propositions were identified for substitution effects and examples were found that align with each proposition. Substitution is affected by temporal, causal, and spatial factors, and their combinations. The new concept of tourism and hospitality substitution effects is the main original contribution of this research. The substitution propositions may serve in future as the basis for developing a theory of tourism substitution.