Browsing by Author "Derviş, Sibel"

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Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 3
Leaf spot caused by Alternaria crassa on Datura stramonium in Turkey
(SpringerLink, 2022) Bozoğlu, Tuba; Alkan, Mehtap; Derviş, Sibel; Özer, Göksel
In August 2021, jimson weed (Datura stramonium) plants growing as weeds in potato felds in Bolu province, Turkey, exhibited leaf spots with dark concentric rings. Sunken and lens-shaped lesions with a light center were also frequently observed on petioles, branches, and stems. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the transcription elongation factor 1-α, RNA polymerase second largest subunit, and glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate dehydrogenase loci, the causal agent was identifed as Alternaria crassa. The pathogen was successfully re-isolated from inoculated jimson weed plants in the pathogenicity assay, proving Koch’s postulates. Alternaria crassa caused necrotic lesions on potato plants, similar to those of early blight, confrming them as an alternative host of the pathogen. This is apparently the frst report of leaf spot caused by A. crassa on jimson weed in Turkey
Citation - Scopus: 5
First report of Globisporangium heterothallicum causing root and crown rot of pepper in Turkey
(New Disease Reports, 2020) Derviş, Sibel; Özer, Göksel; Türkölmez, Şahimerdan; Çiftçi, Osman
Turkey is the world's third-largest producer of pepper (Capsicum annuum), annually cultivating over 90,000 ha and producing over half a million tonnes of fruit. In 2019, wilting and death of c. 20% of plants were observed in pepper fields in Şanlıurfa province, Turkey (Fig. 1). Severe root and crown rot symptoms with discoloration were observed on affected plants, and necrotic lesions expanded rapidly into the stems which killed the plant (Fig. 2).
Citation - WoS: 4
Citation - Scopus: 4
First report of Macrophomina phaseolina causing charcoal rot on common sage (Salvia officinalis) in Turkey
(SpringerLink, 2021) İslim, Koşar; Güney, İnci Güler; Derviş, Sibel; Kırlı, Onur; Özer, Göksel
Common sage (Salvia officinalis L.) is a perennial herb or sub-shrub native to the eastern Mediterranean. In July 2020, symptoms of chlorosis, wilting, and root rot appeared in 25% of two-year-old S. officinalis cv. Elif plants in two fields (N 36°53'42.457'', E 38°55'34.777''; N 36°53'27.236'', E 38°55'38.618'') in Şanlıurfa, Turkey.
Mardin İlinde Anız Yakılan ve Yakılmayan Topraklarda Rizosfer Mikroorganizmalarının Belirlenmesi: Mısırda Anız Yakımı Topraktaki Bakteri ve FungusPopulasyonunu Etkiler mi?
(2016) Güler Güney, İnci; Derviş, Sibel; Güldür, Mehmet Ertuğrul
Bu çalıĢma, mısır bitkilerinde anız yakımının, rizosfer toprağındaki (0-10 cm) bakteriyel ve fungal popülasyonlara etkisini gözlemlemek amacıyla kurgulanmıĢtır. Bu amaçla, anız yakımının yaygın bir Ģekilde uygulandığı Mardin ilinde 20 lokasyondan anız yakılmıĢ ve yakılmamıĢ mısır tarlalarının rizosfer tabakasının 0-2.5, 2.5- 5 ve 5-10 cm toprak derinliklerinden, toplam 120 örnek alınmıĢtır. Toprak örnekleri 10-1‟den 10-6‟ya kadar seyreltilerek bakteriyel ve fungal izolasyonlar yapılmıĢtır. Her toprak derinliği ve her seyreltme derecesi için 10 ar adet patates dekstroz agar (PDA) ve nutrient agar (NA) kullanılmıĢtır. Bakteriyel ve fungal izolasyonlar için kullanılan besi yerleri sırasıyla 2-4 gün ve 5-7 gün 28 °C‟de inkübe edilmiĢtir. Anız yakılmıĢ topraklarda 10-3 ve 10-4 seyreltmelerde 0-2.5, 2.5-5 ve 5-10cm toprak derinliklerinde sırasıyla 2,4x105, 2.8x105 ve 2,9 x105 kob (koloni oluĢturan birim) bakteri /g toprak; anız yakılmamıĢ topraklarda ise aynı konsantrasyonda ve aynı toprak derinliklerinde sırasıyla 3,3x105, 4 x105 ve 3,8x105 kob bakteri /g toprak sayımı yapılmıĢtır. Anız yakılmıĢ topraklarda 10-3 ve 10-4 konsantrasyonda 0-2.5, 2.5-5 ve 5-10cm toprak derinliklerinde sırasıyla 1.2 x104, 3 x104 ve 1.3 x104 kob fungus/g toprak; anız yakılmamıĢ topraklarda ise aynı konsantrasyonda ve aynı toprak derinliklerinde sırasıyla 2.9 x104, 2.1 x105 ve 3.6 x104 kob fungus /g toprak sayımı yapılmıĢtır. Sonuç olarak, anız yakılmamıĢ topraklarda fungal ve bakteriyel koloni sayısının farklı toprak derinliklerinde anız yakılmıĢlara oranla daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiĢtir. Anız yakılan topraklarda biyolojik aktivite düĢtüğü için, toprağın sürdürülebilirliğini ve verimliliğini artırmada daha uygun anız yönetim sistemlerinin uygulanması gerekliliğini öneriyoruz.
Citation - WoS: 24
Citation - Scopus: 29
Fungal Pathogens Associated with Crown and Root Rot of Wheat in Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Kazakhstan
(Journal of Fungi, 2022) Bozoğlu, Tuğba; Derviş, Sibel; Imren, Mustafa; Amer, Mohammed; Özdemir, Fatih; Paulitz, Timoth; Morgounov, Alexey; Dababat, Abdelfattah A.; Özer, Göksel
Kazakhstan is the fourteenth largest wheat producer in the world. Despite this fact, there has not been a comprehensive survey of wheat root and crown rot. A quantitative survey was conducted for the purpose of establishing the distribution of fungi associated with root and crown rot on wheat (Triticum spp.). During the 2019 growing season, samples were taken from the affected plants’ roots and stem bases. A total of 1221 fungal isolates were acquired from 65 sites across the central (Karagandy region), eastern (East Kazakhstan region), and southeastern (Almaty region) parts of the country and identified using morphological and molecular tools. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-α), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) sequences were successfully used to identify the species of fungal isolates. It was found that Bipolaris sorokiniana (44.80%) and Fusarium acuminatum (20.39%) were the most predominant fungal species isolated, which were present in 86.15 and 66.15% of the fields surveyed, respectively, followed by F. equiseti (10.16%), Curvularia spicifera (7.62%), F. culmorum (4.75%), F. oxysporum (4.10%), F. redolens (2.38%), Rhizoctonia solani AG2-1 (1.06%), Nigrospora oryzae (0.98%), C. inaequalis (0.90%), F. pseudograminearum (0.74%), F. flocciferum (0.74%), Macrophomina phaseolina (0.66%), F. cf. incarnatum (0.33%), Fusarium sp. (0.25%), and F. torulosum (0.16%). A total of 74 isolates representing 16 species were tested via inoculation tests on the susceptible Triticum aestivum cv. Seri 82 and the results revealed that F. culmorum and F. pseudograminearum, B. sorokiniana, Fusarium sp., R. solani, F. redolens, C. spicifera, C. inaequalis, and N. oryzae were virulent, whereas others were non-pathogenic. The findings of this investigation demonstrate the presence of a diverse spectrum of pathogenic fungal species relevant to wheat crown and root rot in Kazakhstan. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of F. pseudograminearum, Fusarium sp., C. spicifera, and C. inaequalis as pathogens on wheat in Kazakhstan.
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 2
First report of needle blight of blue spruce (Picea pungens) caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum in Turkey
(SpringerLink, 2023) Derviş, Sibel; Türkölmez, Şahimerdan; Güney, İnci Güler; Alkan, Mehtap; Özer, Göksel
The blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) is an exotic conifer species widely used for decorative purposes in landscaping and private gardens. In 2020, 60% of forty blue spruce trees between 20 and 25 years old planted in front of buildings in Kavaklıdere, Ankara, displayed needle blight symptoms. Needles on the lower and interior crown closest to the trunk were infected from the bottoms of branches. They showed a brown-colored or burned appearance before dropping off, starting from their tips, resulting in up to a 65% reduction of the canopy. On the surface of infected tissues, a black-colored fungal mass was observed. Fungal colonies isolated from twenty symptomatic branches and needles were initially dark gray and became black within 4 to 7 days. Zero- to one-septate dark brown conidia (4.6 to 9.8 × 3.6 to 7.5 μm) formed in arthric chains were disarticulating and cylindrical-truncate to rod-shaped, oblong, ellipsoidal, doliiform, or globose, consistent with the description of Neoscytalidium spp. (Crous et al. 2006). The internal transcribed spacer, translation elongation factor 1-α, and β-tubulin loci of a randomly selected isolate (Nd_Pp01) were sequenced using the primers ITS1/4, EF1-728 F/986R, and Bt2a/Bt2b and deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers OK643641, OK666381, and OK666382, respectively. The sequences had 99.77–100% nucleotide identity with those of the type specimen of N. dimidiatum, CBS 145.78. Phylogenetic analysis with concatenated sequences further confirmed the identification. The isolate was deposited in the Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Culture Collection with accession number BAIBU-179. A pathogenicity test was conducted with ten 1-year-old P. pungens plants by spraying a conidial suspension (105 conidia/ml) of the isolate Nd_Pp01 onto the needles (Türkölmez et al. 2019). Five seedlings sprayed with sterile water were used as controls. All plants were placed in a growth chamber at 28°C with 70% RH. Spray-inoculated needles initially showed yellow spots within two weeks and turned brown six weeks after inoculation, whereas the controls remained symptom-free. The pathogen was re-isolated from the inoculated needles but not from controls. To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. dimidiatum causing needle blight on P. pungens in Turkey and worldwide (Farr and Rossman 2023).
Occurrence of Phytophthora Cryptogea Causing Root and Collar Rot on Sweet Cherry Trees in Diyarbakır Province of Turkey
(2017) Çiftçi, Osman; Derviş, Sibel; Türkölmez, Şahimerdan; Ulubaş Serçe, Çiğdem
Turkey is the world's largest producer of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.), a member of stone fruits, with approximately 500 thousand tons of fruit produced annually. 24,385 sweet cherry trees are grown in 1,358 da area of Diyarbakır province with 275 t of fruit produced annually. In May 2015, approximately 30% of 500 5-year-old sweet cherry (P. avium cv. Ziraat 0900) trees grafted onto ‘Mahaleb’ in Çüngüs of Diyarbakır province showed wilting, lack of vigor, and dieback, with severely infected trees dying. Reddish necrotic tissues at the base of the trunk often extending to the main roots were observed on those trees. When they uprooted; necrosis on taproots and decay on feeder roots appeared. Tissue samples taken from the margins of crown and root lesions were placed on grated apple corn meal agar amended with P5ARPH. Plates were incubated for 4 days at 20°C in the dark and a Phytophthora species was consistently isolated from the tissues. The morphological features fit the descriptions of Phytophthora cryptogea Pethybr. & Laff. P. cryptogea was pathogenic on 5 to 7 mm × 20 cm diam. shoots detached from a 1-year-old ‘Mahaleb’ cherry (Prunus mahaleb L.) rootstock tree. Genomic DNA was extracted from a representative isolate. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA was amplified using the ITS6/ITS4 primer pair and sequenced (GenBank Accession No: MF538788). BLAST searches showed a 99 to 100% identity with many P. cryptogea strains AF087475, AY995400, GU111626, GU111624, KP070713, KP070713, KP070715, KP070719, KP070716, KP070721, KP070709 etc. Deposited in NCBI GenBank and Phytophthora-ID databases. The provenance of P. cryptogea in a sweet cherry orchard in Ankara province (Central Anatolia), in a kiwifruit orchard in Bartın province (Black Sea Region), and in a potato field in Erzincan province (Eastern Anatolia Region) was previously reported in Turkey. However, to our knowledge, this is the first report of natural infection of P. cryptogea in a new region, in the Southeastern Anatolia, causing root and collar rot of cherry trees.
Antifungal effect of boron compounds against Neoscytalidium dimiatum
(2023) Yildirim, Elif; Türkkan, Muharrem; Yiğit, Abdurrahman; Derviş, Sibel; Özer, Göksel; Erper, İsmail
Neoscytalidium dimidiatum has been recently identified as the agent responsible for canker, dieback, shoot blight, and root rot on different hosts in Türkiye. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of boric acid (H3BO3), three borates [disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (Na2B8O13.4H2O), disodium tetraborate decahydrate (Na2B4O7.10H2O) and disodium tetraborate (Na2B4O7)] on the mycelial growth, germ tube elongation and conidial germination of N. dimidiatum. The antifungal effects of the boron compounds were investigated at 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% (w/v) concentrations. The differences observed between the inhibitory effects of boron compounds on the parameters were found to be significantly important at P < 0.05. The 0.5% concentration of disodium tetraborate decahydrate and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate completely inhibited the fungus, whereas other salts did not. Disodium tetraborate decahydrate and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate completely inhibited three parameters at 0.5% and higher concentrations. However, boric acid and disodium tetraborate were able to completely inhibit investigated factors of N. dimidiatum at 2.0% and 1.0% concentration, respectively. Disodium tetraborate and boric acid at 0.5% concentration decreased germ tube elongation and conidia germination of the fungus by 94.97%-63.57%, 59.33%-51.26%, respectively. The effectiveness of the 0.5% concentration on conidial germination was also similar in both salts at P < 0.05. However, disodium tetraborate inhibited germ tube elongation more effectively than boric acid. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values of the four boron compounds also varied between 0.5% and 2.0% concentrations. The boron compounds in this study could be potential agents to manage N. dimidiatum.
Citation - WoS: 11
Citation - Scopus: 20
Activity of Metalaxyl-M plus mancozeb, Fosetyl-Al, and Phosphorous Acid against Phytophthora Crown and Root Rot of Apricot and Cherry Caused by Phytophthora palmivora
(CZECH ACADEMY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2017) Türkölmez, Şahimerdan; Derviş, Sibel
Crown and root rot, caused by the Oomycete pathogen Phytophthora palmivora, has become a destructive disease of apricot and cherry in eastern Turkey. There are no currently registered fungicides labeled for its control. In greenhouse experiments conducted in 2012 and 2013, 1-year-old potted apricot rootstock Zerdali and cherry rootstock Mahaleb plants were treated either with foliar spray of fosetyl-Al (140, 160, and 180 g a.i./100 l) or phosphorous acid (187.5, 200, and 215 g a.i./100 l) or soil drench of 100 ml of metalaxyl-M (= mefenoxam)+mancozeb (12+192, 16+256, and 20+320 g a.i./100 l) one day after wound inoculation of crowns and roots. In both years, phosphorous acid at 200 and 215 g a.i./100 l, fosetyl-Al at 160 and 180 g a.i./100 l, and metalaxyl-M+mancozeb at 20+320 g a.i./100 l significantly reduced the root rot severity on Zerdali by 70.68-80.00% and crown rot severity on both Zerdali and Mahaleb, by 68.32-91.96 and 74.21-82.60%, respectively, compared with phosphorous acid at 187.5 g a.i./100 l, fosetyl-Al at 140 g a.i./100 l, metalaxyl-M+mancozeb at 12+192 and 16+256 g a.i./100 l and control. Moreover, fosetyl-Al at 180 g a.i./100 l and metalaxyl-M+mancozeb at 20+320 g a.i./100 l significantly reduced the root rot severity on Mahaleb compared to fosetyl-Al at 140 and 160 g a.i./100 l, metalaxyl-M+mancozeb at 12+192 and 16+256 g a.i./100 l, phosphorous acid treatments and control in 2012, providing the best control of the disease by 88.00-90.68%. Two/three phosphorous acid foliar applications at 200 g a.i./100 l suppressed symptom development when field applications were made on a curative basis in 2014 and 2015.
Citation - WoS: 17
Citation - Scopus: 18
Characterization and pathogenicity of Pythium-like species associated with root and collar rot of kiwifruit in Turkey
(In Plant Disease, 2021) Türkkan, Muharrem; Özer, Göksel; Karaca, Gürsel; Erper, İsmail; Derviş, Sibel
During the period of June to October in 2018, a widespread decline was observed on kiwifruit vines in the vineyards located in Altınordu, Fatsa, and Perşembe districts of Ordu province. The symptoms were associated with reddish-brown rots expanding from the root to the collar with sparse off-color foliage. Based on the percentage of the total infected samples across 18 vineyards, the most common oomycete species were Globisporangium intermedium (37.1%), Phytopythium vexans (34.3%), G. sylvaticum (14.3%), G. heterothallicum (11.4%), and Pythium dissotocum (2.9%). The morphological identification of isolates was confirmed based on partial DNA sequences containing the nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (rDNA ITS) and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (coxII) gene. The optimum growth temperature and the optimum pH of 5 species ranged from 22.98 to 28.25°C and 5.67 to 8.51, respectively. Pathogenicity tests on the seedlings of kiwifruit cv. Hayward revealed significant differences in virulence among isolates. Phytopythium vexans and G. sylvaticum isolates caused severe root and collar rot resulting in seedling death, while G. heterothallicum and G. intermedium isolates had relatively lower virulence. All Globisporangium spp. and P. vexans isolates significantly decreased plant growth parameters (plant height, shoot and root dry weights and root length); however, P. dissotocum caused very mild symptoms and did not affect these parameters of growth. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting G. sylvaticum, G. heterothallicum, and G. intermedium causing root and collar rot on kiwifruit not only in Turkey but also in the world.
Tarımsal yönden önemli fungusların muhafazası ve koleksiyonları
(IKSAD INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING HOUSE, 2021) Güler Güney, İnci; Derviş, Sibel
Bitki patojenleri ile ilişkili genotipik, fenotipik ve epidemiyolojik verilerin kolayca erişilebilen ve aranabilen bir formatta arşivlenmesi,patojenlerin değişimini ve hareketini izlemeye yardımcı olabilmektedir. Doğada keşfedilmemiş patojen çeşitliliği, patojen kültürlerinin kataloglanmasının önemi daha da artmaktadır. Etkili hastalık kontrolü geliştirmek için patojen genomiklerinin potansiyelinin farkında olmak referans olarak dizilenmiş izolatları ne kadar etkili kullandığımıza da bağlı olmaktadır. ungal kültür koleksiyonlarının amacı, izolatları elde etme zamanındaki koşullarındaki şekliyle, kültürün genetik, fizyolojik veya morfolojik özelliklerinin hiçbirinde değişiklik olmaksızın canlılığını muhafaza ettirmek ve streyni sonraki araştırma, öğretim ve biyoteknolojik süreçler için ana materyal kaynağı olarak korumaktır.
Root and stem rot caused by Fusarium solani on a new host, apricot
(2017) Türkölmez, Şahimerdan; Çiftçi, Osman; Derviş, Sibel; Ulubaş Serçe, Çiğdem
Apricot plantations (Prunus armeniaca L.) in Malatya and Elazığ cover approximately ten thousand hectares with nearly 10 million trees. In a survey carried out in apricot production areas of Malatya and Elazığ provinces from April to November in 2015 and 2016, apricot trees displayed symptoms of yellowing, stunting, rotting of roots and basal stems, and wilting, especially on those with injuries. A severe brown discoloration of vascular tissue along the stems of infected trees was also observed. Tissues samples collected from symptomatic trees were disinfected with 2% sodium hypochlorite and isolations were conducted on potato dextrose agar (PDA). A Fusarium sp. was consistently isolated from the roots and stems of diseased trees at Pötürge, Doğanşehir, Darende, Doğanyol, Akçadağ, Battalgazi and Baskil districts with 5.7, 10.0, 2.0, 3.3, 6.7, 6.7 and 6.7% incidence, respectively. All isolates obtained had white fluffy aerial hypha on PDA. Morphological characteristics of two types of conidia, macroconidia with three to five septate and microconidia with mostly non-septate to one septate, and chlamydospores produced pointed the fungal isolates to be Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. 1881 (Ascomycetes, Hypocreales). Microconidia were abundant and macroconidia were sparse on PDA. To confirm pathogenicity, 20 healthy 1-year-old wild apricot ‘Zerdali’ rootstock seedlings grown in pots (25 cm in diameter) with sterilized soil were used for two experiments. For the first experiments, a conidial suspension from one isolate (Fs3) cultivated on PDA plates at 28°C for 7 days was used for root inoculation of 6 plants by submerging roots for 20 min in a conidial suspension (5×105 conidia/ml). Four seedlings inoculated with sterile water were used as controls. After 1 month incubation in a greenhouse, dark brown lesions were observed in the inoculated mature roots but not in the control roots. Pathogenicity was also confirmed by stem inoculations of plants in the second experiments. Six plants were inoculated with one mycelium disk of Fs3 (1 cm diameter) each, and sterile PDA disks were placed on four additional plants as controls. The inoculation site was wrapped with Parafilm for 2 days, and then the film was removed. After 1 month, symptoms similar to those observed in the field developed on the trunks of all inoculated plants, while only slight scars formed on the control plants. F. solani was reisolated from all inoculated root and stem tissues. For species confirmation, the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of rDNA of Fs3 isolate was amplified using the ITS6/ITS4 primer pair and sequenced. NCBI BLAST results of a 509-bp sequence shared 100% identity with those of many F. solani GenBank accessions previously reported. The new sequence was deposited in GenBank (Accession No. MF536534). To our knowledge, this is the first report of F. solani causing disease on this host plant, P. armeniaca, in Turkey and worldwide, which may help to establish the appropriate measures to control this disease.
ITS and LSU-rDNA nucleotide sequences based confirmation of Cytospora chrysosperma and Chondrostereum purpureum from symptomatic cankered tissues of Populus nigra trees in Turkey
(2017) Derviş, Sibel; Çiftçi, Osman; Türkölmez, Şahimerdan; Ulubaş Serçe, Çiğdem
Malatya ili Doğanşehir ilçesinde 2016 yılında yapılan arazi çalışmaları sırasında gövde, dal kanseri ve kuruma belirtileri gösteren kavak (Populus nigra) ağaçlarından alınan örneklerden yapılan laboratuar çalışmaları sonucunda piknidyum içeren kabukların altından ve odun dokularından sırasıyla Cytospora chrysosperma ve Chondrostereum purpureum izole edilmiştir. İlkbaharda, kavak ağaçlarının sürgünlerine, tamamen gelişmiş olan dördüncü yapraklarının koparılması sonucu ortaya çıkan yaralar üzerine, C. chrysosperma ve C. purpureum izolatları tarafından kolonize edilmiş agar disklerinin yerleştirilmesiyle inokulasyon yapılmıştır. İnokülasyondan üç ay sonra C. chrysosperma ve C. purpureum ile inokulasyon bölgesinde sırasıyla 6,4 ve 3,3 cm uzunluğunda kanserler oluşmuş ve sürgünler büzüşmüştür. Benzer bir şekilde, serada gerçekleştirilen patojenite testlerinde, kabuk dokusunda oluşturulan yaraların bu izolatlar ile inokülasyonundan yaklaşık 14 gün sonra kanser oluşumu gerçekleşmiştir. Hastalanan bitkilerin dokularından yapılan izolasyonlarda C. chrysosperma ve C. purpureum’un tekrar izole edilmesi ile hastalık etmenlerinin bu funguslar olduğu doğrulanmıştır. Steril ortam diskleri ile inokule edilen kontrol sürgünlerdeki yaralarda kanser oluşmamıştır. Her fungal türün temsili izolatından tüm DNA’nın izolasyonu yapılmıştır. İzole edilen toplam DNA’lar, rDNA'nın internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ve large subunit (LSU) gen bölgeleri için sırasıyla ITS6/ITS4 ve NL1/NL4 primer çiftleri kullanılarak amplifiye edilmiş ve dizilenmiştir. BLAST analizleri sonucunda, daha önce Gen Bankası’nda kaydedilen birçok C. chrysosperma ve C. purpureum ITS ve LSU nükleotid dizisi ile %99 benzerlik göstermiştir. Bu diziler Gen Bankasına kaydedilmiştir. C. chrysosperma ve C. purpureum’nın ITS-rDNA için NCBI’dan verilen erişim numaraları sırasıyla MF536529 ve MF536531; LSU-rDNA için veriler erişim numaraları ise sırasıyla MF536530 ve MF536532’dir. Bu fungus etmenlerinin Türkiye'deki varlığı daha önce bildirilmekle birlikte bu çalışma, C. chrysosperma ve C. purpureum'un ITS ve LSU-rDNA nükleotid dizilerine dayanarak moleküler karakterizasyonlarının ilk raporudur.
First report of Verticillium dahliae causing Verticillium wilt on avocado (Persea americana) in Turkey
(SpringerLink, 2022) Tok, Fatih Mehmet; Derviş, Sibel
Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) is an expanding crop in Turkey grown on 949 ha, yielding 4,209 tons of fruit annually (FAO 2021). In June 2021, 5% of 220 5-year-old trees of cv. Hass grafted onto the rootstock Fuerte (36°06′25.6"N 35°59′16.7"E) in Samandağ district of Hatay showed symptoms of twig and branch dieback with brownish black leaf and bark discoloration. Vascular tissues of branches bearing blackened dead twigs were sampled from five trees. Tissues were surface disinfected in 1% NaOCl for 2 min, rinsed with sterile distilled water (SDW), dried, placed on potato dextrose agar, and incubated at 25 °C. After 7 days, a slow-growing fungus was consistently recovered. Colonies were identified as Verticillium dahliae Kleb. on the basis of the presence of black microsclerotia (35.2 to 160.8 × 20.3 to 68.5 μm), verticillate conidiophores, and hyaline, elliptical, single celled conidia (2.9 to 7.3 × 2.2 to 3.8 μm) (Pegg and Brady 2002). Identification was confirmed by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of rDNA amplified from one single-conidial isolate (AvVd01 deposited in the plant pathogenic fungal collection of the first author’s institution) using universal ITS1/ITS4 primers. BLAST analysis of the amplicon sequenced (GenBank accession No. MZ664289) showed 100% identity with a sequence of V. dahliae from kiwifruit in Turkey (MK287620.1). To fulfill Koch's postulates, 15 healthy 1-year-old P. americana ‘Hass’ seedlings were inoculated by submerging trimmed roots in a conidial suspension of 107 conidia/ml for 5 min using AvVd01. Ten control plants were dipped in SDW in the same manner. Inoculated plants showed symptoms identical to those of naturally infected plants within a month. V. dahliae was reisolated from inoculated plants but not from controls. To our knowledge, this is the first report of V. dahliae causing wilt on avocado in Turkey (Farr and Rossman 2022). It is expected to cause more problems in avocado plantings previously dedicated to vegetable crops.
Citation - WoS: 13
Citation - Scopus: 13
Molecular phylogeny of plant pathogenic fungi based on start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism
(Springer, 2023) Palacıoğlu, Gülsüm; Alkan, Mehtap; Derviş, Sibel; Bayraktar, Harun; Özer, Göksel
Background: A number of molecular marker systems have been developed to assess genetic diversity, carry out phylogenetic analysis, and diagnose and discriminate plant pathogenic fungi. The start codon targeted (SCoT) markers system is a novel approach used here to investigate intra and interspecific polymorphisms of phytopathogenic fungi. Materials and methods: This study assessed genetic variability between and within 96 isolates of ten fungal species associated with a variety of plant species using 36 SCoT primers. Results: The six primers generated 331 distinct and reproducible banding patterns, of which 322 were polymorphic (97.28%), resulting in 53.67 polymorphic bands per primer. All primers produced informative amplification profiles that distinguished all fungal species. With a resolving power of 10.65, SCoT primer 12 showed the highest polymorphism among species, followed by primer 33 and primer 29. Polymorphic loci (PPL), Nei's diversity index (h), and Shannon index (I) percentages were 6.25, 0.018, and 0.028, respectively. UPGMA analysis separated all isolates based on morphological classification and revealed significant genetic variation among fungal isolates at the intraspecific level. PCoA analysis strongly supported fungal species discrimination and genetic variation. The other parameters of evaluation proved that SCoT markers are at least as effective as other DNA markers. Conclusions: SCoT markers were effective in identifying plant pathogenic fungi and were a powerful tool for estimating genetic variation and population structure of different fungi species.
The Effect of Talaromyces funiculosus ST976 Isolated from Pistacia vera Rhizosphere on Phosphorus Solubility in Soil Samples with Different Physicochemical Properties
(Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 2022) Derviş, Sibel; Türkölmez, Şahimerdan; Eren, Abdullah; Özer, Göksel
In this study, a total of 78 Talaromyces isolates were isolated from the pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) rhizosphere heavily infested with Neoscytalidium spp. The identification studies of the four representative isolates based on morphological and molecular methods showed that all isolates were T. funiculosus. The 575 bp long sequence of the internal transcribed spacer region of T. funiculosus isolate ST976, selected as a representative of the isolates, was deposited in GenBank under accession no. MW130842. The Maximum Likelihood tree clustered the ST976 isolate with reference T. funiculosus isolates derived from the GenBank nucleotide database. The phosphorus dissolution ability of ST976 isolate was determined by an experiment using six soil samples collected from agricultural lands in various locations of Şanlıurfa province. The pH of the soil samples taken varied between 7.21 and 7.88. As a result of the analysis performed with the addition of the isolate ST976 applied to soil samples with different soil structures (Clay and Clay-Loam), it was determined that the isolate ST976 dissolved 109–311% more phosphorus than the control sample. The study is one of the first studies proving the ability of T. funiculosus isolate ST976 to dissolve phosphorus without any additives to soil solution was determined.
Postharvest fungal pathogens of apple in Nigde Province, Turkey
(2022) Tulukoglu Kunt, Keziban Sinem; Özden, Mustafa; Derviş, Sibel
Apples are an economically important horticultural product worldwide. They can be stored under low temperature for long periods of time (up to 10 months). However, fungal decay is a major problem in long-term storage and causes serious postharvest fruit loses around the world, including Turkey. This decay is caused by several fungi with different infection mechanisms favored by different conditions. Therefore, it is crucial to know which fungal pathogens are the primary cause of any decay in order to develop innovative control strategies. For this reason, the aim of this study was to sample decaying apples from cold storage facilities in Niğde Province, Turkey (an important apple-producing province) to isolate and identify the pathogens. A total of 395 visually infected apples were sampled from 18 cold storage facilities in the 2020/21 production season. Culture morphology of the isolates was examined, isolates were morphologically identified at the genus level. The results showed that the identified dominant genera considered of major contributors to fruit spoilage belonged to genus Penicillium (76.5%), followed by Alternaria (19.0%). Other fungal pathogens, including species of Botrytis, Cadophora, Cladosporium and Fusarium had low abundance. Pathogenicity testing and molecular characterization of the isolates is in progress.
Farklı Buğday Genotiplerinden İzole Edilen Endofitik Bakterilerin Fusarium Culmorum'a Karşı Antagonistik Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi
(2024) Güney, İnci Güler; Derviş, Sibel; Özer, Göksel; Aktaş, Hüsnü; Keske, Mehmet Ata
Bu araştırmada, farklı buğday genotiplerinden elde edilen endofitik bakterilerin, fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal özelliklerinin ile enzim aktivitelerinin yanısıra buğdayda kök ve kökboğazı çürüklüğüne neden olan Fusarium culmorum’a karşı etkinliğinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. İzolatların F. culmorum’a karşı ikili kültür testlerinden elde edilen sonuçlara göre inhibisyon oranı %80.56- %13.90 arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. In vitro koşullarda Fusarium culmorum’a karşı inhibisyon oranı %80.59 oranıyla Bacillus subtilis (MM11), %69.41 oranıyla Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (EY5) ve %61.10 oranıyla Enterobacter sp. (MY3) en etkili izolatlar olmuştur. Amilaz, selülaz, fosfataz, ACC deaminaz ve siderofor üretiminde Pseudomonas putida (EM9) ve Pseudomonas orientalis (MM21) izolatları tüm testte pozitif sonuç vermiştir. Umut vadeden altı izolat 16S rRNA geninin sekans analizi kullanılarak tanımlanmıştır. Bakteri suşlarının F. culmorum’a karşı etkinliğini değerlendirmek için iklim odası koşullarında (in vivo) saksı denemeleri kurulmuştur. Sonuçlar, Enterobacter sp., S. maltophilia ve B. subtilis (MY3+EY5+MM11) kombinasyonunun hastalık şiddeti, bitki boyu, yaş ağırlık, kuru ağırlık, kök yaş ağırlığı ve kök kuru ağırlığı açısından en uygun sonuçları verdiğini göstermiştir. Stenotrophomonas rhizophila, P. putida ve P. orientalis (EY1+EM9+MM21) kombinasyonu da oldukça etkili olmuştur. Etkili bakteri suşlarının kullanılmasının, çevresel etkilerini en aza indirirken, kimyasal gübre ve pestisitlere olan bağımlılığı ve bunlarla ilişkili maliyetleri azaltması beklenmektedir. Ek doğrulama prosedürlerinin ardından bu suşların, ticari uygulamalar için potansiyelinin olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bulgular, F. culmorum’a karşı çeşitli endofitik bakterilerin kullanıldığı biyolojik kontrol çalışmalarına katkıda bulunacaktır.
Selenyumun Bazı Bitki Patojeni Funguslara Karşı In Vitro Değerlendirmesi
(2024) Özer, Göksel; Türkkan, Muharrem; Sönmez, Ferit; Kabakcı, Hüseyin; Alkan, Mehtap; Derviş, Sibel; Derviş, Sibel
Amaç: Selenyum (Se), tarımsal alanlarda fungal patojenlerini kontrol etmek için umut vaat eden çevre dostu bir element olarak ilgi çekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, sodyum selenit (selenit) ve sodyum selenat (selenat) formlarını içeren Se uygulamalarının 10 farklı bitki patojeni fungus türünün büyümesi üzerindeki etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Materyal ve Yöntem: Selenyum uygulamalarının fungusların miselyal gelişmesi ve spor oluşumu üzerindeki etkisi in vitro koşullarda değerlendirilmiştir. Probit analizi, fungusların hem miselyal gelişme hem de spor oluşumunda %50 azalmaya (EC50) yol açan tuz konsantrasyonlarını belirlemek için kullanılmıştır. Araştırma Bulguları: En yüksek konsantrasyonda (120 ppm), selenit tüm türlerin miselyal gelişmesini %6.82 ile %62.46 arasında engellemiştir. Buna karşın, selenat daha geniş bir engelleme spektrumu göstermiş ve miselyum büyümesini %0 ile %87.14 arasında etkilemiştir. Farklı konsantrasyonlarda, Fusarium pseudograminearum selenit karşısında (EC50<24 ppm) en yüksek duyarlılığı gösterirken onu Bipolaris sorokiniana ve Verticillium dahliae izlemiştir. Benzer şekilde, Colletotrichum coccodes selenat uygulamasına karşı (EC50<24 ppm) en yüksek duyarlılığı gösterirken, onu B. sorokiniana, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ve V. dahliae takip etmiştir. Her iki tuz da anlamlı bir farklılık gözlenmeksizin fungal türleri üzerinde spor oluşumunu etkili bir şekilde inhibe etmiştir. Colletotrichum coccodes, F. pseudograminearum, B. cinerea, F. culmorum, V. dahliae ve B. sorokiniana selenit tarafından anlamlı şekilde inhibe edilmiştir fakat F. oxysporum’a karşı daha düşük bir inhibisyon gözlenmiştir. Benzer şekilde, engelleme yüzdeleri arasında küçük farklar bulunmakla birlikte bu türler, V. dahliae ve F. oxysporum ile birlikte, selenat tarafından anlamlı şekilde inhibe edilmiştir. Colletotrichum coccodes, B. cinerea, F. culmorum, B. sorokiniana ve F. oxysporum için 24 ppm'nin altındaki EC50 değerleri, her iki tuzun da spor oluşumunu etkin bir şekilde inhibe ettiğini göstermiştir. Fusarium pseudograminearum’un %50 inhibisyonu için daha yüksek konsantrasyonların gerektiği anlaşılmıştır. Verticillium dahliae, selenit karşısında 33.16 ppm ve selenat karşısında 24 ppm'nin altında olan EC50 değerleri ile selenata karşı daha yüksek duyarlılık göstermiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın bulguları, Se'nin sürdürülebilir tarımda çeşitli bitki patojen fungus türleri üzerindeki antifungal potansiyeline ilişkin anlayışımıza katkıda bulunmaktadır. Hastalık yönetimi için elementin mekanizmalarını anlamak ve uygulama protokollerini optimize etmek için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.
Citation - WoS: 8
Citation - Scopus: 10
Clonostachys rosea Strain ST1140: An Endophytic Plant-Growth-Promoting Fungus, and Its Potential Use in Seedbeds with Wheat-Grain Substrate
(SpringerLink, 2023) Türkölmez, Şahimerdan; Özer, Göksel; Derviş, Sibel
In this study, Clonostachys rosea strain ST1140, a naturally occurring endophyte in healthy roots of a pistachio tree, was identifed morphologically and molecularly through DNA sequencing, and its endophytic ability and growth efect in/on three solanaceous plant species were tested. Three diferent organic substrates (bread wheat-grain, sawdust, and leonardite) were also investigated for their utility in cultivating and multiplying the strain. In-tray and pot experiments, the rates of seed germination and vegetative development of pepper, tomato, and eggplant inoculated with C. rosea at planting were compared to those of non-inoculated controls. In pot experiments, inoculating seedbeds with increasing doses of C. rosea strain ST1140 with wheat-grain substrate resulted in higher plant height values for all plant species, and the strain endophytically colonized the roots of all plant species. In-tray experiments revealed that ST1140 inoculation resulted in 2–4 days earlier and 10% higher germination rates for all plant species, as well as more vigorous and accelerated seedling growth (10–13 days earlier for seedlings at the 4–5 true leaf stage) on all inoculated plant species. Among three diferent organic substrates, wheat-grain was found to be the most efective for long-term cultivation and multiplication of the fungus, which could be of interest for its development as a commercial product. These results promised the strain ST1140’s use as a biofertilizer in seedbeds with a wheat-grain substrate.