Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi

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Antioxidant, Ache Inhibitory, and Anticancer Effects of Verbascum Thapsus Extract
(C M B Assoc, 2023) Keskin, Cumali; Baran, Ayse; Valioglu, Ferzane; Teng, Lei; Atalar, Mehmet Nuri; Keskin, Cumali; Beilerli, Aferin
Verbascum thapsus (Mullein) is a medicinal plant used in folk medicine to treat various ailments. For this study, the biological functions of Verbascum thapsus (VT) methanol extract were determined in vitro. The plant's methanol extract was created through the maceration process. The phytochemical composition of plant extracts was investigated using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The antioxidant capacity of the extract was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH radical) and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS radical). Cell lines Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells), LNCaP (Lymph Node Carcinoma of Prostate), and HEK293 (Human embryonic kidney 293 cells) were used to model colon, prostate, and non-cancerous cells. The cytotoxic activity of the plant extract on the proliferation of these cells was determined by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a tetrazole) assay protocol. VT extract showed moderate DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities at 30 mg/ml concentration. With this, VT extract was determined to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme and had strong cytotoxic activity on cancerous cell lines. In addition, our findings clearly showed that the plant extract had greater cytotoxic activity on the viability of cancerous cells compared to non-cancerous (Human embryonic kidney cells; HEK293) cells. The current findings showed that V. thapsus might be a promising anti-cancer medication candidate for the treatment of human colorectal adenocarcinoma and colon cancer, as well as a good source antioxidans. Copyright: (c) 2023 by the C.M.B. Association. All rights reserved.
Assessment of renal function in obese and overweight children with ngal and kim-1 biomarkers
(Nutricion Hospitalaria, 2020) Unsal, Velid; Gül, Ali; Yılmaz, Resul; Özmen, Zeliha Cansel; Demir, Osman; Gümüşer, Rüveyda
Aim and background:the incidence of obesity has increased among children, and obesity has been considered an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease. We aimed to determine the degree of kidney function impairment by evaluating urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels. Materials and methods: in total, 15 obese, 26 overweight, and 26 control adolescents aged 10 to 16 years were enrolled into the study. Urine samples were evaluated for NGAL and KIM-1 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. We investigated the association between obesity and related comorbidities with urinary NGAL and KIM-1 excretion. Results: no significant differences were noted between the obese, overweight, and control groups in urinary NGAL and KIM-1 excretion (p = 0.327 and p = 0.917, respectively). In the obese and overweight groups urinary NGAL levels were 50.39 [30.88-74.22] in females and 26.67 [23.24-45.59] in males (p = 0.013). Also, urinary NGAL levels were increased in obese and overweight adolescents with LDL dyslipidemia at 64.12 [30.98-114.32] as compared to those without LDL dyslipidemia: 39.51 [25.59.56.37] (p = 0.024). Furthermore, a correlation was observed between insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance levels with the NGAL/creatinine ratio in the overweight group (r = 0.515; p = 0.008, and r = 0.483; p = 0.014, respectively). Such correlation was not found in the obese group. Conclusion: the effect of obesity on renal function could not be determined in children. A longer exposure may be required for obesity-induced disruption of renal function in children. Renal function may be disrupted by dyslipidemia in obese adolescents. Furthermore, obesity impaired renal function in female adolescents. The normalization of these urinary markers as related to urine creatinine should be discussed.
Awareness of risk factors and warning signs of stroke among caregivers of patient with and not with stroke: Results from questionnaire
(Journal of Pakistan Medical Association, 2019) Vural Doğru, Birgül; Karadakovan, Ayfer; Vural Doğru, Birgül; Akman, Perihan; Özel, Ebru; Bozkurt, Yücel
Objective: To assess the awareness/knowledge of stroke risk factors and warning signs among caregivers of patients with or without stroke. Methods: The cross-sectional, descriptive and comparative study was conducted in the neurology clinic and polyclinic of a university hospital in Izmir, Turkey, from March to July 2014, and comprised primary caregivers of patients with stroke in group 1 and those of patients with no stroke in group 2. The subjects were screened and data was collected using the Participant Information Form and the Questionnaire Form About Stroke. Warning signs and symptoms of stroke were compared between the two sets of caregivers. SPSS 17was used for data analysis. Results: Of the 203 respondents, 105(52%) were in group 1 and 98(48%) in group 2. Group 1 had better awareness than group 2 (p<0.05). In group 1, weakness was the most commonly recognised warning sign 101(96.2%), whereas dyspnoea 41(39%), was the least commonly identified. There was no relationship of stroke knowledge with educational level and age (p>0.05 each). Conclusions: Caregivers had a moderate knowledge of some of the warning signs and risk factors about stroke.
Biosynthesis of AgNPs by extract from waste leaves of Citrullus lanatus sp. (watermelon); characterization, antibacterial and antifungal effects
(Progress in Nutrition, 2021) Aktepe, Necmettin; Baran, Ayşe
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are valuable materials with a large number of sectors used. Green synthesis is very important for biomedical applications as they show biocompatible properties. In this study, AgNPs were easily synthesized using the environmentally friendly green synthesis approach using agricultural waste parts of Citrullus lanatus sp. plant grown in Diyarbakır region. Characterization of synthesized AgNPs was made. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was used to evaluate the phytochemicals responsible for effective reduction in the formation of AgNPs. UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis.) Spectra were also used to determine the presence of AgNPs. X-Ray Diffraction Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope, Zeta potential analyzes were performed to define the crystal structures, dimensions and surface charges of AgNPs, respectively. In these data, it was determined that AgNPs showed maximum absorbance at 460 nm, spherical appearance, 21.27 crystal nano size and -30.05 mV zeta potential. Antimicrobial effects of AgNPs on gram positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) bacteria, gram negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) bacteria, as well as on fungus C. albicans pathogenic microorganisms It was analyzed by specifying the Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) by microdilution.
The combination of N-acetylcysteine and cyclosporin A reduces acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice
(Ultrastructural Pathology, 2021) Erdem Güzel, Elif; Kaya Tektemur, Nalan; Gül, Mehmet; Tektemur; Özcan Yıldırım, Sena; Kavak Balgetir, Merve; Ozan Kocamüftüoğlu, Gonca; Yalçın, Tuba; Ozan, & İbrahim Enver
Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity is the most common cause of acute liver failure in worldwide. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is used as the APAP antidote. Cyclosporin A (CsA) is suppressed mitochondrial damage by binding cyclophilin, a mitochondrial pore transport component. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of NAC, CsA, and NAC+CsA treatments on APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Mice were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6). 400 mg/kg/ip/single dose APAP, 1200 mg/kg/i.p/single dose NAC and 50 mg/kg/i.p/single dose CsA were performed. Light and electron microscopic alterations were investigated in liver samples. Levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and liver glutathione (GSH) were analyzed. 3-nitrotyrosine and cytochrome c immunoreactivities were evaluated in liver tissue. Here, we found that APAP leads to histopathological and ultrastructural changes in mice liver. Also, APAP increased cytochrome c and 3-nitrotyrosine immunopositive staining. Besides, a significant decrease in liver GSH and an increase in serum AST and ALT levels were detected in the APAP group. Interestingly, NAC+CsA treatment improved histological alterations, cytochrome c, and 3-nitrotyrosine immunoreactivities and liver GSH, serum AST/ALT levels caused by APAP. We suggest that the combination of NAC and CsA reduces acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.
Effect of Auricular Acupressure in Management of Constipation in Palliative Care Patients
(Sage Journals Home, 2023) Bıçak Ayık, Derya; Can, Gülbeyaz
Objectives: This experimental randomized-controlled study was performed to define the efficacy of auricular acupressure (AA) in the management of constipation developing in palliative care patients. Methods: According to the pre-prepared randomization list, 44 patients were included in the experimental group and 46 patients were included in the control group. Routine clinical treatment and care implementation were maintained in the patients in both groups. AA was performed for 4 weeks in patients in the experimental group. During the study, to determine the complaints of the patients regarding constipation, the information in the daily patient chart was examined at least 5 times by interviewing with the patient/patient's relative in the clinic and/or via phone call, and the results were recorded in the patient chart and data collection forms. The independent variable of the study is AA application, and the dependent variables are constipation and quality of life. Results: It was determined that there was no statistically significant difference between the daily defecation frequency of the 2 groups during the first 11 days. However, after the 12th day, the daily stool frequency of the experimental group was higher compared to the control group and this difference obtained between the 2 groups was statistically significantly different. AA was effective in decreasing laxative use. Conclusion: This intervention increased stool frequency, reduced physical and psychosocial symptoms, anxieties, and improved stool satisfaction and it was an effective approach to improving the quality of life. It is recommended that the daily use of AA should be evaluated. The healthcare providers including nurses, patients, and patient relatives should be trained regarding AA.
Effect of Foot Massages on Postpartum Comfort and Pain Level of Mothers after Vaginal Delivery: A Randomized Trial
(Holistic Nursing Practice, 2021) İçke, Sibel; Genç, Rabia
This study conducted on 66 mothers aimed to investigate the effect of foot massages postpartum using an introductory information form, the Postpartum Comfort Scale, the visual analog scale, and a drug follow-up card. It was concluded that foot massages positively improved comfort, reduced pain levels, and reduced unnecessary medications.
Effect of seasons on the fatty acid profile of total lipid, phospholipid and triacylglycerol in Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Atatürk Dam Lake, Turkey).
(2018) Kaçar, Semra; Başhan, Mehmet; Oymak, Ahmet
The present study investigated the lipid content and FA profiles of total lipids, phospholipids (PL) and triacylglycerols (TAG) of Mastacembelus mastacembelus from the Atatürk Dam Lake (Turkey). The results showed that the total lipid content of the dorsal muscle varied seasonally from 0.50% to 3.59%. Wide ranges of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) (36.21 to 50.52%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (25.22 to 42.02%) were found in the PL fraction. However, higher monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) (37.63 to 45.07%) and SFA (34.71 to 38.82%) were found in TAG (triacylglycerol). The ratios of ω-3 to ω-6 PUFA ranged from 0.65 to 1.32 and 1.07 to 3.48 in PL (phospholipid) and TAG fraction, respectively. The results also showed that the major components were palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1ω-9), palmitoleic acid (C16:1ω-7), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6ω-3), arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4ω-6) and docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5ω-3) in total lipid, C16:0, C18:1ω-9, AA and DHA in PL, C16:0, C16:1ω-7, C18:1ω-9, linoleic acid (LA, C18:2ω-6), and DHA in TAG extracted from the muscle of M. mastacembelus in all seasons.
Effects of Concomitant Use of N-acetylcysteine and Cyclosporine A on Acetaminophen-induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2024) Erdem Güzel, Elif; Tektemur, Nalan Kaya; Guzel, Elif Erdem; Tektemur, Ahmet; Ozan, Ibrahim Enver
Background: Acetaminophen (APAP), a commonly used analgesic, causes acute kidney injury (AKI) in overdose although it is rare. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a major role in the pathophysiology of renal damage, although the exact molecular mechanism is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect of cyclosporin A (CsA), a mitochondrial membrane permeability Methods: Male BALB/c mice were divided into Control, APAP, APAP+NAC, APAP+CsA and APAP+NAC+CsA groups (n=6). A single dose of APAP (400 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. All other treatments (1200 mg/kg NAC, 50 mg/kg CsA) were performed intraperitoneally 3 h after APAP administration. All animals were decapitated and blood samples and kidney tissue samples were collected for evaluation. Serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were measured. The kidney tissue 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), cytochrome c (Cytc) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) levels and cytochrome c (Cytc) expressions were determined. Result: Increased Cr and BUN levels, histopathological examinations and expressions of 8-OHdG, 3-NT and Cytc were detected in the APAP group. Combined NAC+CsA treatment sufficiently reversed oxidative stress, serum Cr and BUN levels and histopathological alterations induced by APAP. Moreover, cytc levels and renal tubular injury were remarkably reduced by combined drug treatment compared to the APAP+NAC group. These data suggest that the therapeutic effect of combined NAC+CsA treatment in mice with APAP-induced nephrotoxicity can be related to the combination of the antioxidant effect of NAC and the mitochondrial MPTP inhibitor effect of CsA.
Effects of ketamine on penile tissues in an experimental priapism model in rats
(Ali Cangül, 2024) Kölükçü, Vildan; Gürler Balta, Mehtap; Tapar, Hakan; Karaman, Tuğba; Karaman, Serkan; Ünsal, Velid; Gevrek, Fikret; Yalçın, Kenan; Fırat, Fatih
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the histopathological and biochemical effects of ketamine on penile tissues following ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by priapism. Methods: Twenty-four male rats were randomized into three groups. Group 1 served as the control group. Group 2 underwent the priapism model to induce ischemia-reperfusion injury. Group 3, the treatment group, experienced a similar ischemia-reperfusion model as Group 2; additionally, 50 mg/kg of ketamine was administered intraperitoneally just before reperfusion. Blood biochemical analyses and penile histopathological evaluations were performed. Results: In Group 3, significant improvements were observed in all histopathological scores, including desquamation, edema, inflammation, and vasocongestion compared to Group 2 (p<0.001). Blood biochemical analyses showed that the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were recorded as 10 in Group 2, with a significant decrease in Group 3 (p=0.013). Similarly, proinflammatory cytokine levels, including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), were found to be suppressed in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p=0.003, p=0.022, and p=0.028, respectively). Antioxidant enzyme activities, such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were higher in Group 3 compared to Group 2 (p=0.016 and p=0.024, respec-tively). Conclusion: Ketamine is an effective anesthetic agent in alleviating the effects of penile ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Evaluation of Nurses' and Midwives' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Recognizing Violence Against Women
(Womens Health & Action Research Centre, 2024) Yeşil, Yeşim; Yesil, Yesim
The study was cross-sectional research that surveyed 410 nurses and midwives from March 2020 to March 2021 in Turkey. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of nurses and midwives towards recognizing violence against women. The "Scale for Nurses' and Midwives' Recognition of the Symptoms of Violence against Women" were used. The average total scale score was 20.3 +/- 3.2. The score of participants who are receiving postgraduate education, working in the field of gynaecology and obstetrics, and considering intervention as a professional responsibility when encountering a woman who has experienced violence was found to be significantly higher than the other groups (p<.05). It is important for midwives and nurses to be aware of signs of violence to identify violence against women. Providing education to midwives and nurses regarding signs of violence against women will contribute to the recognition, prevention, and awareness of violence. (Afr J Reprod Health 2024; 28 [2]: 116-124)
Experimental and theoretical investigation of adsorption and inhibition properties of 2-Amino-1,3,5-triazine-4,6-dithiol against corrosion in hydrochloric acid solution on mild steel
(Elsevier, 2023) Arslanhan, Selim; Yıldız, Reşit; Döner, Ali; Yıldız, Reşit
In this work, 2-Amino-1,3,5-triazine-4,6-dithiol (2-ATD) as novel and high efficiency corrosion inhibitor has been investigated for mild steel (MS) corrosion in 0.5 M HCl solution using electrochemical methods, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy disperse X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and quantum chemical calculation methods. Potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) curves indicate that 2-ATD is mixed type inhibitor, corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with increasing inhibitor concentration and reached its value of 96.5%. Evolution of exposure time versus corrosion behavior of 2-ATD is examined in corrosive medium. While corrosion potential (Ecorr) shifted more negative values, polarization resistances (Rp) decreased after 120 h exposure time due to the corrosion process. H2 volume is measured in uninhibited and inhibited solutions (10 mM 2-ATD) after 120 h exposure time. Very low volume (3.6 mL cm-2) of H2 is obtained on MS electrode in inhibited solution after 120 h of exposure, indicating that 2-ATD covers the entire surface against aggressive attack and retards the both anodic dissolution of MS and cathodic hydrogen evolution reactions. The adsorption process proposal is the Langmuir isotherm which is most suitable. Adsorption and thermodynamic parameters show that 2-ATD has a strong adsorption effect onto MS surface and includes mixed adsorption style (physical and chemical). Corrosion current density increases with increasing temperature and high activation energy (Ea) proves the strong adsorption of 2-ATD on the MS surface. Anti-corrosion mechanism of 2-ATD is described more detail with the potential of zero charge method. SEM, EDX and AFM analysis support the obtained results of electrochemical methods and confirm the existence of protective layer and strong adsorption of 2-ATD on the MS surface. Chronoamperometry test shows that current densities are almost constant whole experiment in the presence of organic film. Finally, quantum chemical calculation method of 2-ATD in blank solution is performed to investigate the active sites for possible attachment with MS surface.
Experimental and theoretical investigation of pyrazinecarboxamide against mild steel corrosion
(Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2021) Keleşoğlu, Ayşen; Sığırcı, Gökmen; Yıldız, Reşit; Dehri, İlyas; Yıldız, Reşit
Pyrazinecarboxamide was examined against mild steel corrosion in 0.5 M HCl solution. The electrochemical techniques like electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, linear polarization resistance and potentiodynamic polarization measurements were carried out in the presence of various concentrations of pyrazinecarboxamide ranging from 0.25 mM to 1.0 mM. The inhibition effect of pyrazinecarboxamide on the mild steel surface was studied by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The adsorption of this inhibitor was determined to fit Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The adsorption/desorption equilibrium constant was calculated as 2.985 × 104 M−1, indicating that high proportion of pyrazinecarboxamide takes place on mild steel surface. The inhibition efficiency was found as 93.5% from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement in an acid solution containing 1.0 mM pyrazinecarboxamide. Quantum chemical parameters that were in good agreement with experimental results were determined by density functional theory.
Fast and Low-Cost Biosynthesis of AgNPs with Almond Leaves: Medical Applications with Biocompatible Structures
(Progress in Nutrition, 2021) Aktepe, Necmettin; Baran, Ayşe
In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were obtained in a low cost, easy and simple way by using the leaf extract of Prunus dulcis L. (almond tree) growing in the Mardin region. Characterization of AgNPs obtained by biosynthesis: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis.), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope(TEM), Zeta potential and Zeta size analysis was done through data. It was determined that AgNPs have maximum absorbance at 443 nm wavelength, they exhibit 14.67 crystal nano size, -19.9 mV zeta potential in spherical appearance. The Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) of the obtained AgNPs was determined by using microdilution method on the growth of pathogen strains.
Fatty acid compositions of colostrum and mature breast milk in Turkey (Mardin)
(Acta Alimentaria, 2023) Kaçar, Semra; Keskin, Cumali; Keskin, Cumali
In this study, 25-25 milk samples (25 colostral and 25 mature) collected at different lactational stages were used to analyse the fatty acid composition of breast milk. A gas-chromatographic method was used to perform and analyse the transmethylation of total milk lipid extracts. The milk samples contained 20 different fatty acids. Palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), myristic acid (C14:0), oleic acid (C18:1n-9), and linoleic acid (LA, C18:2n-6) were the major components of total lipid, phospholipid (PL), and triacylglycerol (TAG) fractions. Colostrum had a lower percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), a higher percentage of saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and a lower level of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5 n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6 n-3) in total lipid than mature milk. Triacylglycerol and PL fractions between colostrum and mature milk samples did not differ statistically. © 2023 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest.
Green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Prunus cerasifera pissardii nigra leaf and their antimicrobial activities against some food pathogens
(Czech Journal of Food Sciences, 2022) Hatipoğlu, Abdulkerim
In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesised using the Prunus cerasifera pissardii nigra (PC) leaf extract in an easy, low-cost and environmentally friendly way. According to the ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometer analysis data, the nanocrystals demonstrated a characteristic peak at 456 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy analyses revealed that the morphological structures of the biosynthesised AgNPs were mostly spherical. According to the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, it was determined that the crystal structures of AgNPs were cubic. The size of the nanoparticles was calculated as 23.60 nm using the Debye-Scherrer equation. The zeta potential of the synthesised nanomaterial was measured as –15.5 mV. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of AgNPs on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 11774, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 were determined to be 0.062, 0.250, 0.125, 0.500 and 0.125 µg mL–1, respectively
Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles from prunus cerasifera pissardii nigra leaf and their antimicrobial activities on some food pathogens
(Progress in Nutrition, 2021) Hatipoğlu, Abdulkerim
In this study, a new and easy method for the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with Prunus cerasifera pissardii nigra (PC) leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent was presented. The nanoparticles were demonstrated a characteristic peak at the maximum wavelength of 535 nm with colour change as a result of the ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectrophotometer analysis data. Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyzes revealed that the crystal size of the synthesized AuNPs was below 20 nm and the morphological structure was mostly spherical. The size of the crystal structures of AuNPs was calculated as 17.94 nm from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis data. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy results confirmed the involvement of various biomolecules in the reduction and stabilization of PC-AuNPs. The zeta potential of the synthesized nanomaterial was measured as -27 mV. The average size of AuNPs was determined as 103.8 nm with Zetasizer. It was determined that AuNPs have strong inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtillis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans.
Increased DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress Among Silver Jewelry Workers
(HUMANA PRESS INC, 2015) Aktepe, Necmettin; Keskin, Cumali; Yükselten, Yunus; Taşkın, Abdullah; Keskin, Cumali; Çelik, Hakim
Silver has long been valued as a precious metal, and it is used to make ornaments, jewelry, high-value tableware, utensils, and currency coins. Human exposures to silver and silver compounds can occur oral, dermal, or by inhalation. In this study, we investigated genotoxic and oxidative effects of silver exposure among silver jewelry workers. DNA damage in peripheral mononuclear leukocytes was measured by using the comet assay. Serum total antioxidative status (TAS), total oxidative status (TOS), total thiol contents, and ceruloplasmin levels were measured by using colorimetric methods among silver jewelry workers. Moreover, oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated. Results were compared with non-exposed healthy subjects. The mean values of mononuclear leukocyte DNA damage were significantly higher than control subjects (p < 0.001). Serum TOS, OSI, and ceruloplasmin levels were also found to be higher in silver particles exposed group than those of non-exposed group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively). However, serum TAS levels and total thiol contents of silver exposed group were found significantly lower (p < 0.05, p < 0.001, respectively). Exposure to silver particles among silver jewelry workers caused oxidative stress and accumulation of severe DNA damage.
The interaction methylene blue and glutathione-S-transferase purified from human erythrocytes
(Journal of Planar Chromatography - Modern TLC, 2020) Acay, Hilal; Baran, Mehmet Fırat; Baran, Mehmet Fırat; Bilden, Alican; Aygün, Hüsamettin
It is known that textile dyes have various risks on human health. Glutathione-S-transferase enzymes play a critical role in the detoxification of xenobiotics in living systems. This study aimed to examine the interaction of methylene blue with human erythrocyte glutathione-S-transferase purified in one step. Human erythrocyte glutathione-S-transferase was purified with approximately 750-fold purification and 30% efficiency by glutathione agarose affinity chromatography. The results showed that the enzyme was inhibited by methylene blue with an IC50 value of 1.40 mmol/L. The Ki constant of methylene blue was 1.17 mmol/L. The Lineweaver–Burk graph of the methylene blue showed that the type of inhibition was compatible with mixed type inhibition. A new third spot was also detected by thin-layer chromatography. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of methylene blue on human erythrocytes was evaluated and it was found that the haemolysis per cent of methylene blue on erythrocytes was approximately 14%.
The intercultural sensitivity levels of primary health care workers in a city in Eastern Turkey
(Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 2021) Çifçi, Sema; Bayram Değer, Vasfiye
Objective: To assess intercultural sensitivity levels and related factors of primary healthcare workers providing care to a variety of socio-ethnic groups. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1, 2019, to February 1, 2020, in the city of Mardin, Turkey, and comprised primary healthcare workers. Data was collected using a questionnaire about socio-demographic characteristics and the Turkish version of the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale. Data was analysed using SPSS 24 software version. Results: Of the 150 subjects approached, 131(87.3%) volunteered to participate. Of them, 80(61%) were females and 51(39%) were males. The largest age group was 25-34 years having 77(59%) subjects. The total mean score of the intercultural sensitivity scale was 73.30±16.7. There was a strong relationship between the subscales of 'Responsibility and Interaction Attentiveness' and 'Respect for Cultural Differences' (p<0.01). Significant difference was found between the sensitivity levels and the job titles of the participants, their status of friendship in different countries, the opportunity to be with people in other cultures for any reason, the status of willingness to work in different cultures and their intercultural sensitivity scale scores (p<0.05). Conclusions: The level of cultural sensitivity of the healthcare professionals was overall moderate. © 2021 Pakistan Medical Association. All rights reserved.

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