KUR’AN’DAKİ FÂSILA UYUMU BAĞLAMINDA, LAFIZ-MÂNÂ DENGESİ ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRMELER
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Date
2018
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Turkish Studies
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Abstract
Kur’an-ı Kerim, nazil olduğu günden itibaren sahip olduğu söz gücü ve sanatlı anlatımları sayesinde, edebî merak sahibi olan dost- düşman herkesin dikkatini çekmektedir. Özellikle ayetlerin sonlarında, bazen de cümlelerin son kelimelerinde öyle enteresan bir ses ritmiği ortaya çıkmaktadır ki bunu ne tam olarak şiirin kâfiyelerinde, ne de şiirsel anlatımlardaki secîli ifadelerde bulabilmek mümkündür. Kur’an metnindeki bu hârikulâde sanatsal yapı, kâfiye ve secîye benzer olsa da onların çok daha ötesinde bir tarza karşılık gelmektedir. Çünkü edebî sanatlarda, genellikle lafız için mananın incitilebildiği gözlemlenirken, Kur’an bu konuda dengeli bir üslûba sahiptir. Dengeli bir üslûp oluşunu şu özelliklerden çıkarmak mümkündür: Şayet mananın ruhunu incitme, özünü başkalaştırma söz konusu değilse; lafız uyumu için gerektiğinde bazı harfleri atma veya ilave etme yoluna gidilebilmektedir. Bazen mânâ, sanki lafzın telaffuz edilme şeklinde adeta canlandırılmaktadır. Bazen de mânânın gerektirmesi sebebiyle, fâsıla uyumu için tercih edilebilecek farklı alternatifler terk edilerek, hedeflenen anlama vurgu yapma öncelenmektedir. O halde diyebiliriz ki Kur’an, lafızların ve üslûpların en iyi formlarını kullanmaktadır. Ancak gerekli gördüğünde fâsıla uyumunu gözardı etmede bir beis görmemektedir. Başka bir ifadeyle, fâsıla uyumu ve sözlerin ritmik yapısı önemlidir, ancak bu önem mânânın önüne geçebilecek bir mahiyet arz etmemektedir. Buna göre Kur’an’ın ifadeleri, edebî açıdan mânâ ile lafız arasında hassas bir denge takip etmektedir.
The Qur'an attracts everyone's attention who was curious about literature, whether he was friendly or enemy, thanks to the words and artistic expressions that it possesses from the day of its descent. Especially in the end of the verses and sometimes in the final words of the sentences, a very interesting voice rhythm arises, which can be found neither in the rhymes of the poetry nor in the compatible expressions of poetic narration. This magnificent artistic structure in the Qur'anic text is similar to the rhymes of the poetry or in the compatible expressions of poetic narration, but it corresponds to a far beyond of them. Because, while in the literary arts observe often that the meaning can be hurt for the rhythm of the word, the Qur'an has a balanced style in this respect. It is possible to deduce from the following features that the Qur'an has a balanced style: If there is no problem of hurting the spirit of the meaning or altering the essence; it may be possible to discard or add some letters when necessary for verbal harmony. Sometimes the meaning is almost revived in the form of pronunciation. Sometimes, due to the necessity of meaning, different alternatives that can be preferred for fascination are abandoned and emphasis is put on the intended meaning. In that case, we can say that the Qur'an uses the best forms of words and styles. But it does not see a problem when it deems a necessary disrupt of rhyme harmony. In the other words, the compatible structure and the rhythm of the words is important, but this importance does not take part in front of meaning. Accordingly, the expressions of the Qur'an follow a delicate balance between meaning and word in literary terms.
The Qur'an attracts everyone's attention who was curious about literature, whether he was friendly or enemy, thanks to the words and artistic expressions that it possesses from the day of its descent. Especially in the end of the verses and sometimes in the final words of the sentences, a very interesting voice rhythm arises, which can be found neither in the rhymes of the poetry nor in the compatible expressions of poetic narration. This magnificent artistic structure in the Qur'anic text is similar to the rhymes of the poetry or in the compatible expressions of poetic narration, but it corresponds to a far beyond of them. Because, while in the literary arts observe often that the meaning can be hurt for the rhythm of the word, the Qur'an has a balanced style in this respect. It is possible to deduce from the following features that the Qur'an has a balanced style: If there is no problem of hurting the spirit of the meaning or altering the essence; it may be possible to discard or add some letters when necessary for verbal harmony. Sometimes the meaning is almost revived in the form of pronunciation. Sometimes, due to the necessity of meaning, different alternatives that can be preferred for fascination are abandoned and emphasis is put on the intended meaning. In that case, we can say that the Qur'an uses the best forms of words and styles. But it does not see a problem when it deems a necessary disrupt of rhyme harmony. In the other words, the compatible structure and the rhythm of the words is important, but this importance does not take part in front of meaning. Accordingly, the expressions of the Qur'an follow a delicate balance between meaning and word in literary terms.
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Keywords
Mânâ, Lafız, Fâsıla, Kâfiye, Secî, Ritmik Yapı, Meaning, Word, Fâsila, Rhyme, Harmonic Text, Rhythmic Structure
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
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Source
Turkish Studies (Elektronik)
Volume
13
Issue
17
Start Page
301
End Page
320
URI
https://app.trdizin.gov.tr/makale/TXpBd05UVTBOQT09/kur-an-daki-fasila-uyumu-baglaminda-lafiz-mana-dengesi-uzerine-degerlendirmeler
https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=tammetin&makaleadi=&makaleurl=1583582169_17TuranMa%C5%9Fallah-kda-301-320.pdf&key=21772
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12514/2485
https://turkishstudies.net/turkishstudies?mod=tammetin&makaleadi=&makaleurl=1583582169_17TuranMa%C5%9Fallah-kda-301-320.pdf&key=21772
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12514/2485