Şeddadilerden Bahseden Kitabeler
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Date
2019
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Abstract
950 yılında Dvin merkezli olarak kurulan sonrasında, Gence’yi başkent yapan Şeddadiler, Sultan
Alparslan’ın bölgeye gelmesiyle birlikte Ani’yi de içine alacak şekilde üç kol halinde varlıklarını
sürdürdüler. 1088 yılında Gence Şeddadileri’nin yıkılmasına karşın 1200 yılına kadar Ani’deki şube
yaşamaya devam etti. Kafkasların büyük bir bölümünü kontrol altına alan Şeddadiler, kuzeydeki
Hıristiyan Gürcüler ile Ermenilerin güneye; özellikle de Anadolu’nun doğusuna inmelerine engel
olmuşlardır. Yöredeki politikaları nedeniyle Bizans ordusu tarafından başkent Gence dahi kuşatılmıştır.
Günümüzde Türkiye’nin kuzeydoğusu, Gürcistan’ın güneyi, Ermenistan ile Nahçıvan’ın tamamı ve
Azerbaycan’ın büyük bir kısmı Şeddadi hâkimiyetindeydi.
Hâkim oldukları topraklarda imar faaliyetlerinde bulunan Şeddadi emirleri cami, mescid, köprü,
hamam, kale, sur, burç, saray, gibi önemli binalar inşa ettirmiş olmalarına rağmen çok az eser günümüze
kadar gelebilmiştir. Bu eserlerdeki kitabelerin çoğunluğu Arapça ile yazılmış olmakla birlikte Farsça ve
Ermenice yazılanları da vardır.
Bu çalışmada ise Nahçıvan’da anlatılan Deştadem Kale kitabesi ile Ani’deki ferman haricindeki diğer
kitabeler ele alınmıştır. Çoğunluğu Ani’de olmak üzere dini ve askeri mimaride yer alan İslami ve gayr-i
İslami kitabeler ayrıntılı bir şekilde açıklanmıştır.
Shaddādids, founded as a Dvin-based dynasty in 948 and making Ganja their capital later, continued their rule in three branches including Ani with the arrival of Sultan Alp Arslan in the region. Although Ganja Shaddādids collapsed in 1088, the Ani branch continued their existence until 1200. Bringing a great part of the Caucasus under control, the Shaddādids stemmed the influx of Christian Georgians and Armenians in the north to the south and eastern Anatolia in particular. Due to their policies in the region, even Ganja, the capital, was besieged by the Byzantine army. Today’s northeastern Turkey, southern Georgia, all of Armenia and Nakhchivan, and a large part of Azerbaijan was under Shaddadid rule. Although Shaddadid emirs who engaged in construction work in the lands they ruled had important buildings constructed such as mosque, masjid, bridge, bath, fortress, city wall, bastion and palace, very few of them have survived to the present day. While the majority of inscriptions on these works are written in Arabic, there are also those written in Persian and Armenian. A publication on the Shaddadid inscriptions was introduced in the “International Symposium on Monuments of Nakhchivan and Eastern Anatolia” held in Nakhchivan on 11-12 May 2015.This study addresses other inscriptions except the decree in Ani and the Deştadem Fortress inscription presented in Nakhchivan. Islamic and non-Islamic inscriptions in religious and military architecture, mostly in Ani, are explained in detail.
Shaddādids, founded as a Dvin-based dynasty in 948 and making Ganja their capital later, continued their rule in three branches including Ani with the arrival of Sultan Alp Arslan in the region. Although Ganja Shaddādids collapsed in 1088, the Ani branch continued their existence until 1200. Bringing a great part of the Caucasus under control, the Shaddādids stemmed the influx of Christian Georgians and Armenians in the north to the south and eastern Anatolia in particular. Due to their policies in the region, even Ganja, the capital, was besieged by the Byzantine army. Today’s northeastern Turkey, southern Georgia, all of Armenia and Nakhchivan, and a large part of Azerbaijan was under Shaddadid rule. Although Shaddadid emirs who engaged in construction work in the lands they ruled had important buildings constructed such as mosque, masjid, bridge, bath, fortress, city wall, bastion and palace, very few of them have survived to the present day. While the majority of inscriptions on these works are written in Arabic, there are also those written in Persian and Armenian. A publication on the Shaddadid inscriptions was introduced in the “International Symposium on Monuments of Nakhchivan and Eastern Anatolia” held in Nakhchivan on 11-12 May 2015.This study addresses other inscriptions except the decree in Ani and the Deştadem Fortress inscription presented in Nakhchivan. Islamic and non-Islamic inscriptions in religious and military architecture, mostly in Ani, are explained in detail.
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Keywords
Şeddadiler, Ani, Gence, Dvin, Kitabe., Shaddadids, Ani, Ganja, Dvin, Inscription
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
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Source
Bingöl Üniversitesi İlahiyat FakültesiDergisi
Volume
0
Issue
14
Start Page
128
End Page
155