The Moderating Effect of Self-Efficacy in the Risk Awareness and Treatment Compliance of Hypertensive Patients

Abstract

The WHO reported that 46% of adults with HT in the global statistics were unaware of the disease.The aim of this study was to examine the moderating role of self-efficacy in risk awareness and treatment compliance of hypertensive patients. Data for this descriptive and correlational study were collected between 22.08.2023 and 22.02.2024. A personal information form was used for data collection together with a risk awareness scale, self-efficacy scale, and antihypertensive treatment compliance scale. The data were collected from 169 patients in face-to-face intterviews. Multiple linear regression and PROCESS macro-Model vn.3.5 were used in the analyses. The STROBE control list was followed in the study. A moderate level of risk awareness (40.03 +/- 7.98) and self-awareness (56.11 +/- 10.18) of the study participants was determined, and there was seen to be treatment compliance (6.53 +/- 2.34). Risk awareness was seen to be positively correlated with both treatment compliance and self-efficacy (p < 0.05). The moderating effect of the treatment points between risk awareness and self-efficacy was analyzed and the model formed was found to be statistically significant (F = 1.942, p = 0.006). Independent variables in the model explained 28% of the change in the dependent variable. Self-efficacy points were not found to have a moderating effect on the effect of cardiovascular risk awareness on antihypertensive treatment compliance (p = 0.144). Treatment compliance can increase with an increase in the self-efficacy and risk awareness of an individual. Increased self-efficacy may affect the moderating role.