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Book Part Citation - WoS: 0Actors: Kurdish National, Religious and Economic Blocs(I B Tauris & Co Ltd, 2017) Çiçek, Cuma; Department of Political Science and International Relations / Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü[No Abstract Available]Book Part Citation - Scopus: 2Advances and applications of nanomaterial-assisted phytoremediation(CRC Press, 2023) Jahan Sıddık, Israt; Department of Health and Nursing Services / Sağlık ve Bakım Hizmetleri BölümüNanotechnology has the potential to drastically transform the agri-food sector with its significant applications to improve agricultural productivity and the efficiency of agrochemicals. The food sector has benefitted from the inclusion of nanoparticles in food matrixes and the nanoencapsulation of nutraceuticals. Smart packaging mate rials designed with the help of nanotechnology have been used for increasing the shelf life of stored food products. Nanomaterials have been extensively used for the delivery of important agrochemicals to enhance their bioefficacy, prevent their deg radation, and control their release. Various nanomaterials have been explored for remediation of arising environmental issues. Nanotechnology has also made a useful contribution to the utilization of huge agricultural and food wastes for production of valuable products. The existing and emerging applications of nanotechnology will contribute to environmental sustainabilityBook Part Citation - Scopus: 0Advances in Nano Vaccines: Covid-19(Bentham Science Publishers, 2023) Keskin, Cumali; Nasibova, A.; Baran, Mehmet Fırat; Selimoğlu, A.; Baran, M.F.; Keskin, C.; Department of Medical Services and Techniques / Tıbbi Hizmetler ve Teknikleri BölümüNanovaccines are considered a new approach in vaccination methodology specially for Covid-19 infection. Nanovaccines are more effective than conventional vaccines; Because ofhumoral and cellular immune responses which are simultaneously induced. Nano vaccines are assumed to upregulate the immune system as well as infection prevention. They are probably promising candidates for chronic autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, AIDS, and COVID-19 infectious. Based on this, we will describe the different working mechanisms of nanoparticles. In addition, applicable nano vaccines which have been approved for COVID-19 therapy Covid 19 are described. Antigen-carrying nanoparticles can affect the immune response and significantly enhance cell-T cytotoxic response. Nanoscale particles can improve vaccine efficiency because of their biomedical benefits. These properties include Small size, which allows better penetration into tumors and more half-life tumor cells. Current vaccines, however, are required to re-formulate almost because of gradual antigen modifications. More ever these vaccines do not protect against mutations and the low half-life of current vaccines due to limitations of current technologies. Nano vaccine formulation improvements have been required to induce a widespread and potent immune response. In this review, we provide an overview ofthe types and applications of nanoparticles in vaccines and their outstanding properties that made them alternatives for Covid-19 treatment. © 2023, Bentham Books imprint.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 0Anaphylaxis(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2023) Ayik, D.B.; Dogan, D.A.Anaphylaxis is a serious condition that usually occurs suddenly and requires immediate treatment, which can lead to hypoxemia and/or shock and death. Nurses should be able to recognize early signs of anaphylaxis and know how to intervene appropriately. Although the risk of complications from anaphylaxis can be reduced with timely and appropriate treatment, the ideal approach is to prevent anaphylaxis from developing. Routine education of patients and their families is critical to prevent recurrence of anaphylaxis, and teaching this knowledge is a key role of the nurse. © 2023 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 8Applications of Biodegradable Green Composites(Springer Nature, 2021) Acay, Hilal; Acay, H.; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics/ Beslenme ve Diyetetik BölümüMaterials called biodegradable green composites consisting of matrices and reinforcers made entirely from natural resources are macro-, micro-, or nano-sized materials that can fulfill desired mechanical and thermal properties as well as being light. Producing natural polymers with good mechanical properties and thermal stability has attracted the attention of many researchers. The use of this material through a variety of mixtures and composites has become more and more popular as raw materials are limited and there is more concern about greener material that is environmentally friendly. Therefore, materials made from renewable sources such as biocompatible/biodegradable polymers can dominate the future by replacing the petroleum raw material. However, more efforts are needed to achieve better properties of the renewable polymer blend and composites and also to address the deficiencies of this new material. To do this, a basic understanding of renewable material types, structures, properties, and potential applications as needed. The study covers the application areas of biodegradable green composites. The stated application areas can be literature support for the rapid development of biodegradable composites at the request of researchers, manufacturers, and consumers for environmentally friendly products. © 2021, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 5Aristotelianism and the disintegration of the late antique theological discourse(Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 2013) Krausmüller, Dırk; Department of History / Tarih BölümüOne of the most striking characteristics of early Christianity was the willingness despite occasional misgivings to engage with Greek philosophy. From the second century onwards Christian writers borrowed terms and concepts from the different philosophical schools in order to formulate their understanding of the Christian God and his relation to Jesus Christ. Following the groundbreaking work of Origen, this engagement reached new levels of depth and sophistication in the controversies of the fourth century. It was in the course of these controversies that the three Cappadocians, Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nazianzus and Gregory of Nyssa developed a radically new conceptual framework, which distinguished between one divine substance or nature and the three hypostases or persons, Father, Son and Holy Spirit, and which associated the former with a set of common qualities such as ‘incorporeality’ and the latter with specific properties such as ‘begotten’ in the case of the Son. This model is evidently influenced by the contemporary philosophical discourse but it has proved difficult to identify its exact antecedents. In the last 50 years scholars have attempted to make the case for Aristotelian, Neoplatonic or Stoic provenance but none of these hypotheses has found universal acceptance.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 0Botulism(Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2024) Dicle, Yalçın; Department of Basic Medical Sciences / Temel Tıp Bilimleri BölümüBotulism is a rare but serious illness caused by a toxin produced by the Clostridium botulinum bacterium. The toxin can cause paralysis and, in severe cases, it can be fatal. Botulism can be contracted through contaminated food, wound infections, or the use of contaminated drugs. Symptoms typically appear within six to 36 hours after exposure and include blurred vision, dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, and muscle weakness. Diagnosis is typically made through laboratory testing of blood or stool samples from a patient. Treatment involves administering antitoxin medication and supportive care to manage symptoms. Prevention measures include proper food handling and preparation, wound care, and avoiding the use of illicit drugs. While botulism is rare, it is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes and reduce the risk of complications. © 2024 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.Book Part Composition and Characterization of Phytochemicals in Aromatic Species(Elsevier, 2025) Baran, Ayşe; Güneş, Zübeyir; Department of Medical and Aromatic Plants / Tıbbi ve Aromatik Bitkiler BölümüPlants have a crucial role in sustaining all living organisms. Plants possess unique systems that they have evolved to counteract different biotic and abiotic stressors, ensuring the continuation of their essential functions. Specifically, the organisms generate secondary metabolites that bear significant bioactivity. Aromatic plants, rich in bioactive compounds, produce these phytochemicals as a defense mechanism and for preventive purposes, exerting substantial impacts on human health. The effects encompass antibacterial, anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antiinflammatory actions. Incorporating plants with these effects into the human diet enhances the significance of plants in terms of their defensive and beneficial characteristics. The characterization of bioactive compounds in aromatic plants can be determined utilizing a variety of equipment and methodologies. By analyzing the chemical composition of the plant, we can establish the specific type and quantity of bioactive compounds it contains. These characterization techniques play a crucial role in determining the direction of many activities involving bioactive compounds. This study aimed to investigate the secondary metabolites, bioactivities, and characteristics of aromatic plants. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Book Part Citation - WoS: 0Conflict Over The Institutional Form Of A Kurdish Political Region: Decentralisation, Regionalisation Or Federation(I B Tauris & Co Ltd, 2017) Çiçek, Cuma; Department of Political Science and International Relations / Siyaset Bilimi ve Uluslararası İlişkiler Bölümü[No Abstract Available]Book Part Citation - Scopus: 6Contribution of Landraces in Wheat Breeding(Springer International Publishing, 2021) Nadeem, M.A.; Aktaş, Hüsnü; Yeken, M.Z.; Tekin, M.; Mustafa, Z.; Hatipoğlu, R.; Aktaş, H.; Baloch, F.S.; Department of Seed Production / Tohumculuk Teknolojisi BölümüAgricultural production system is extremely vulnerable to climate change, and this change will heavily affect the grain yields, thereby threating the food security worldwide. People from developing countries are at greatest risk of experiencing food insecurity, and today, millions of people are going to bed hungry. Wheat is serving as a staple food for millions of people around the world. Development of high-yielding wheat varieties during the Green Revolution is considered an important event in agricultural history. However, these plant breeding activities also resulted in genetic erosion in wheat. Moreover, it is also believed that after domestication process, selection process also resulted in the loss of genetic diversity of wheat. Therefore, commercial wheat cultivars are prone to various biotic and abiotic stresses. To combat with climate changes and to serve enough quantity of food with quality, there is a need to harness wheat landraces. Landraces are considered as repository of gene pool that enhance the biodiversity and maintain and stabilize the ecosystem in a sustainable way to make it functional. Wheat landraces are traditional crop populations developed by the farmers through natural and human selection under their years of cultivations and have adaptation to local environment and management practices. Wheat landraces have more genetic diversity compared to their cultivated ones, and breeding community has utilized their potential in development of climate-resilient wheat cultivars. Here, we are exploring the role of landraces in wheat breeding and hoping that provided information will catch the attention of breeding community to collect, conserve, and perform breeding activities using wheat landraces. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021. All rights reserved.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 0A Critical Analysis of Sustainable Destination Governance From Environmental Perspective: A Systematic Review(Taylor and Francis, 2022) Çakar, Kadir; Department of Tourism Management / Turizm İşletmeciliği Bölümü[No abstract available]Book Part Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 2Decolonizing Architectural Education: Towards an Affective Pedagogy(Taylor and Francis, 2017) Tan, Pelin; Petrescu, D; Trogal, K; Department of Architecture / Mimarlık BölümüBook Part Citation - Scopus: 1Demarketing as a Potential Solution To Overtourism Problems in Tourism Destinations(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd., 2021) Kodaş, Betül; Kodaş, Davut; Department of Tourism Management / Turizm İşletmeciliği BölümüTravels and vacations organised by a large number of people to certain destinations in certain periods cause some negative impacts on the destinations in question. The concept of overtourism, which has become a current issue especially with the anti-tourism demonstrations in certain destinations such as Venice, Barcelona and Dubrovnik as a result of the increasing tourism carrying capacity, has been drawing attention in recent years regarding the sustainability in the destinations. Popular destinations that are affected by overtourism try to develop some strategies in order to minimise the negative impacts of overtourism. One of these strategies is the demarketing strategy that is developed by the destination stakeholders towards the target group. In this chapter of the book, the significance of the concept of demarketing in terms of struggle against overtourism was revealed and how demarketing strategies applied to the marketing mix and different strategies were approached in tourism studies was discussed in detail by addressing the current literature. In addition, suggestions were proposed to the popular destinations that feel the negative impacts of overtourism and will be affected by overtourism also in the future concerning creating their own demarketing strategies and destination planning. © 2021 by Emerald Publishing Limited.Book Part Destructive Effect of Heavy Metals on the Oxidative Defense Mechanism of Some Aromatic Plants(Elsevier, 2025) Baran, Ayşe; Yildiztekin, M.; Baran, A.Aromatic plants are used in the production of natural medicines, treatment of various diseases, production of essential oils, and as a food source. Many plants are cultivated for their aromatic compounds. The essential oils they produce are used as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and insecticidal agents, and as appetite suppressants against herbivores. Heavy metal pollution, which has become a significant environmental issue, can be highly reactive and toxic to living cells. Aromatic plants may be exposed to heavy metals in both natural and cultivated environments, leading to stress and oxidative damage in the plants. Some heavy metals cannot undergo biological degradation reactions, while others, due to their immobile nature, cannot be removed from the environment, resulting in accumulation. Those that are mobile can enter cells through various transport pathways and negatively affect physiological processes in the plant. The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) occurs as a result of these physiological processes. ROS types, such as O2 •-, 1O2, H2O2, and •OH, can be hazardous to cells, cause structural damage, and lead to cell death. The imbalance between the accumulation and removal of these oxidative molecules in the cell causes oxidative stress. The effects of oxidative stress can be observed in enzyme inactivation, disruption of membrane integrity, and inhibition of growth in plants. To mitigate the effects of oxidative stress and defend themselves, plants have antioxidant defense mechanisms. These mechanisms include enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and nonenzymatic antioxidants such as lipid-soluble and water-soluble reducing agents. The type, dose, and duration of heavy metal exposure, as well as the species and developmental stages of the plant, trigger various antioxidant defense mechanisms and responses. In this process, the role of ROS detoxifying enzymes is particularly significant. Due to their various properties, such as metal exclusion, aromatic plants are able to cope with oxidative stress. In conclusion, understanding the factors that affect the antioxidant defense mechanisms and enzyme inhibition in plants under heavy metal stress, and developing strategies to address them, is important for enhancing plant productivity and ensuring adaptation to environmental stress. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 1Developing Sustainable Policies in Response To Overtourism(IGI Global, 2020) Çakar, Kadir; Department of Tourism Management / Turizm İşletmeciliği BölümüThis chapter deals with and underscores sustainable policy responses towards overtourism, which is becoming an increasingly important issue for the survival of tourist destinations. Based on the current literature, this chapter proposes a wide range of policy responses that can be adapted by a variety of elements in tourist destinations, ranging from stakeholders to local residents. As a consequence, the measures and strategies in response to the overtourism phenomenon can expand our understanding of the concept. © 2020 by IGI Global.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 1Education as a Way To Tackle Overtourism: the Application of the Principles of Responsible Management Education (prme)(Palgrave Macmillan, 2020) Çakar, Kadir; Department of Tourism Management / Turizm İşletmeciliği BölümüThe aim of this chapter is to discuss whether the Principles of Responsible Management Education (PRME) can potentially be an integral part of strategies addressing the issue of overtourism. The chapter demonstrates that the PRME can be used as a supporting tool as its principles potentially constitute and underscore the significance of a responsible and sustainable world. As such, they can play a crucial role in drawing the attention of higher education institutions and industry practitioners towards achieving the SDGs, while dealing with the issue of overtourism through education. The chapter also shows that as the measures and targets of the PRME are also in alignment with the SDGs, they can be considered as a highly effective tool in helping overcome the problem of overtourism. © The Author(s) 2020.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 1Effects of ecological factors on spring Barley genotypes(Hordeum vulgare, 2021) Kendal, Enver; Department of Seed Production / Tohumculuk Teknolojisi BölümüLate spring frosts and drought are the most important abiotic stress factors that definite the yield and quality performance of spring barley genotypes in breeding programs. For this purpose, a total of 25 spring barley genotypes were used in the study, including 20 advanced line and 5 standard varieties. The 2013/14 growing season, in which the late spring frosts were effective, and the 2012/13 growing season were compared with the biplot technique in terms of yield, quality and other features. Depending on the late spring frosts, significant differences were determined between the genotypes in terms of grain yield, quality parameters and other characteristics between the two growing seasons. Late spring frosts caused a significant reducing in grain yield (GY) by 26.2%, hectoliter weight (HW) by 6.3%, and in thousand grain weight (TGW) by 18.6%, while increasing protein content (PC) by 18.3%. It has been determined that the early spiked spring barley genotypes are more affected than the late spiked genotypes from late spring frosts, in terms of GY, TW, TGW and PC. The GGE biplot analysis showed that four distinct groups of traits were occured in the 2012/2013 and five in 2013/2014 growing seasons, respectively. The result of GGE biplot indicated that G14, G19, G21 and Samyeli variety were stable and ideal genotypes for all of the traits in the 2012/2013 season, and G3, G4, G7 and G8 were stable and ideal for the 2013/2014 season. On the other hand; G3 was the best genotype against late spring frost based on GY. In addition, results from the AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) analysis revealed that genotypes G7, G8, and G22 were more stable and higher yielding, compared to the other genotypes.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 2Extended contact with Turks and Syrian refugees' intention to migrate: The mediating roles of ingroup and outgroup identification(Taylor & Francis Group, 2022) Ergün, Naif; Ergün, Naif; Department of Psychology / Psikoloji BölümüTurkey hosts millions of Syrian refugees, while very little is known about the factors that relate to their voluntary intentions to return and migrate to Western countries. We proposed that extended contact with the host group members, the mere knowledge of ingroup members having positive interactions with others, can be associated with refugees’ intentions to return and migrate to Western countries. To investigate this idea, we examined associates of both positive and negative extended contact because negativity is also a part of intergroup interactions with a sample of Syrian adults (N = 358). We also examined mediating roles of ingroup identification (identification with Syrians) and identification with the host society (identification with Turks) for the associations between intergroup contact and intentions to migrate. Results revealed that positive and negative extended contact were associated, respectively, with reduced and greater return migration intentions via identification with the host society. Extended positive contact was related to reduced intentions to migrate to the West while negative contact did not have a significant association with the intention to migrate. Ingroup identification was solely associated with increased intentions to return. Intergroup contact and social identification processes maintain a potential to explain the underlying processes behind migration decisions among refugees.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 0From Khazane Kapoussi/Hazine Kapısı To Analıkız: Rethinking A Place At Tušpa Citadel(Archaeopress, 2019) Genç, Bülent; Department of Archaeology / Arkeoloji BölümüThere are two monumental niches carved onto the bedrock in the area called Hazine Kapısı/Analıkız at Tušpa Citadel. This area was formed by setting up stelae within monumental niches and represents a significant architectural practice that is unparalleled in the Kingdom of Urartu. The niche to the west features the annals of Sarduri II. The annals relate various activities of the king, and do not make any references that would identify the area. However the area is generally identified today as an open-air sanctuary or a temple. Hazine Kapısı/Analıkız has been completely unearthed down to the bedrock by the excavations carried out by Layard, Orbeli and Lake at various times. This article attempts to redefine this area through an evaluation of the excavations and their results. It discusses in particular the reasons for its identification as an open-air sanctuary, and explains its significance for the kingdom and its relationship with the citadel through concrete evidence. © Archaeopress and authors 2019.Book Part Citation - Scopus: 0The Future Food Tourist(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd., 2025) Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Department of Tourism Guidance / Turizm Rehberliği BölümüThis chapter seeks to answer the question of how food tourists will be in the future based on technology and digitalisation. Therefore, two future food tourist scenarios are proposed: realistic and utopian. More specifically, considering the developing technology, from a realistic perspective, future food tourists are evaluated according to their experiences (virtual food experiences, personalised and hyper-personalised food experiences, interactive tech-based food experiences, and sensory food experiences), information sources and communication, tendencies (seeking transparency and traceability in the food supply chain and sustainability-oriented), and payments. However, a utopian future food tourist was also provided as the second future food tourist scenario. In this scenario, the dimensions of future food tourists include instantaneous food travel thanks to teleportation, brain-computer interface-based food experiences, lab-grown food experiences, and intergalactic food tourism. Since this is the first study providing future food tourist scenarios, it plays a guidance role for service providers and launches a scholarly debate in food tourism literature. © 2025 Francesc Fusté-Forné and Erik Wolf.