Tarih Bölümü
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Book Part Origen: Exegesis and philosophy in early christian Alexandria(Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 2011) Krausmüller, DirkThe past two decades have seen an explosion of interest in the late antique philosophical commentary tradition. This chapter explores the idea of translating the scholastic social experience by briefly considering the projects undertaken by four very different commentators active in the 520s and 530s. It looks at Olympiodorus' commentary on Plato's Gorgias, one of the earliest and least polished works written by the productive and long-lived scholar. The chapter considers how some facets of the project undertaken by Boethius suggest that he anticipates that his ideas will not be interpreted in a traditional classroom setting. It examines the puzzling decision of Sergius of Reshaina to write a Syriac commentary of an Aristotelian work for which no Syriac translation existed. Elias' description suggests something that is both self-evident and seldom recognized in modern discussions of the philosophical commentaries composed during late antiquity.Article Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 2Separation and conflict: Syriac Jacobites and Syriac Catholics in Mardin in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries(MANEY PUBLISHING, 2014) Özcoşar, İbrahimFrom the sixteenth century onwards, the Syriac Jacobites living in the Ottoman empire were confronted by the propaganda of Catholic missionaries. As a result of this propaganda, a Syriac Catholic patriarchate was established in the late eighteenth century, and the Syriac community was divided into two. A merciless conflict ensued between Orthodox Syriacs, aligned with the main Church, and the Catholic Syriacs. While this conflict occurred in all places where Syriacs lived, it was most intense in the city of Mardin, the location of the patriarchal centre of Syriac Jacobites. The Jacobites struggled to prevent both the Catholicization of their community, and also the Catholic takeover of their churches, monasteries and cemeteries. At various times and for various reasons, the Ottoman empire and certain European states felt the need to intervene in this conflict. Continuing almost uninterrupted throughout the nineteenth century, this conflict adversely affected the Syriacs, and also precipitated their modernization.Article Citation - Scopus: 1Biography as allegory(ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2013) Krausmüller, DirkThrough comparison with Dante's Divine Comedy and with Late Antique allegorical interpretations of the Bible this article makes the case that Byzantine hagiographers encoded an allegorical dimension into their texts and that they did so in order to make value judgements that complement explicit evaluations of the behaviour of saints.Book Makalelerle Mardin: Önemli Simalar-Dini Topluluklar(Mardin Tarihi İhtisas Kütüphanesi, 2007) Özcoşar, İbrahimMardin'in farklı yönlerini, akademisyen ve araştırmacıların bakış açısıyla tanıtmak, bilinmeyen yönlerini gün ışığına çıkarmak, yıllardır zihnimizi meşgul eden bir projeydi. Böyle bir çalışma için kendi alanlarında uzman 100e yakın akademisyen ve araştırmacının çalışmalarının bir araya getirilmesi, çok zor ve uzun vadeli bir iş gibi görünmekteydi. Mayıs 2006'da düzenlediğimiz "1.Uluslararasi Mardin Tarihi Sempozyumu" bize bu projeyi uygulayabileceğimizi gösterdi. Bu çalışma sırasında çok farklı alanlarda birbirinden değerli akademisyen ve araştırmacıların Mardin'in farklı yönlerini araştırdıklarını veya araştırmaya hazır olduklarını gördük. Bu çalışmaların bir arada toplanması teklifimizi kabul eden akademisyen ve araştırmacıların, Mardin ile ilgili farklı alanlarda yaptıkları bilimsel çalışmalarını bu dört kitapta bir araya getirdik.Article Ahmed Anzavur: Soldier, Governor, and Rebel. a Reevaluation of a Late Ottoman Military Man(Oriental Inst Czech Acad Sci, 2023) Yelbasi, CanerFollowing the Russian conquest of the North Caucasus, many Muslims from the region were exiled to the Ottoman Empire from the 1860s onwards. They were settled in different parts of the empire from the Balkans to Anatolia to the Syria and Iraq vilayets. By following this policy, the Ottoman state ensured that many Circassians would become part of the Ottoman army, ruling elites, harems and agricultural workforce. Anzavur Ahmed's family was one of them. Although he did not graduate from military school, he participated in the army during the war in Libya (1911), the Balkan Wars (1912-1913), and the First World War (1914-1918). He was also appointed as the governor of Izmit (1920). Anzavur Ahmet is portrayed as a rebel by Turkish official historiography, but in reality, he was much more than that. He was an Ottoman Governor, and supported by Ottoman administrators such as Damad Ferid and Ali Kemal, who were against the Kuvayi Milliye because they believed that the empire would eventually emerge from the chaotic atmosphere of the post-First World War period and make an agreement with the British. This article argues that although Ahmed Anzavur has been labeled a rebel and a traitor according to the official historiography, it is difficult to use these labels given the circumstances of his time.Article Osmanlı Mahkemelerinde Muhzır Kavramı(Akademik Araştırma ve Dayanışma Derneği, 2004) Özcoşar, İbrahim...Book Part Memluk döneminde salgınların tarihi ve sosyal - ekonomik etkileri(SON ÇAĞ AKADEMI, 2020) Narjes, KadroSalgın sorunu, geçmiş çağlarda ve günümüzde birçok akademisyeni işgal eden önemli konulardan biridir ve krizlerin tarihi olarak adlandırılan şeyin altında kalmaktadır, bu nedenle Mısır'da ve Levant'ta Memluk döneminde ortaya çıkan bu salgınları ve bunların ortaya çıkmasının nedenlerini incelemek gerekiyordu, Ve Bu salgınların ekonomik ve sosyal sonuçları ve Memluk sultanlarının bu krizle nasıl başa çıktıkları.Book Part Citation - WoS: 4Byzantine Monastic Communities: Alternative Families?(ASHGATE PUBLISHING LTD, 2013) Krausmüller, Dirk; Brubaker, L; Tougher, SByzantine monks addressed each other as fathers, sons or brothers, and monastic texts from the Middle Byzantine period are replete with terms and concepts that have the family as their original context. This chapter presents evidence for such spiritual' relationships within Byzantine monasteries and asks whether one can consider them as alternative families. It demonstrates that even after tonsure the relationship between spiritual fathers and their sons remained an important feature of monastic life. In late antiquity the lavra was only one of a range of social settings within which men could pursue a monastic lifestyle. The chapter then explores monastic rules from the late tenth and eleventh centuries, in order to assess whether this status quo underwent changes over time. It argues that the relationship between mentor and disciple reflects a broader culture of social networking, which shares important traits with the nuclear family but cannot be reduced to it.Article Citation - Scopus: 4Sleeping souls and living corpses: Patriarch methodius' defence of the cult of saints(Universa Press, 2015) Krausmüller, DirkIn his Life of Euthymius of Sardes Patriarch Methodius accepts that the souls cannot function once they have been separated from the bodies. However, he then contends that in the case of the saints this link is never severed because their corpses remain uncorrupted and even capable of movement. The article offers an in-depth analysis of the text and makes the case that during the Second Iconoclasm there was not only opposition to the cult of saints but also a more wide-spread anxiety that dead saints might not be active after all. © 2015 by Byzantion. All rights reserved.Book GENÇ AKADEMİSYENLERİN KALEMİNDEN SOSYAL BİLİMLER(İLÂHİYAT, 2022)Bu kitaptaki bölümler sempozyumda sunulan bildirilerin tam metinlerinden seçilerek makaleye dönüştürülmüş halleridir. Akademinin genç kalemlerinden çıkan bu çalışmaların bir kısmı yazarların ilk yayını olması hasebiyle gerek yazarlar gerekse de editörler için bir heyecan vesiledir. Ancak bu durum heyecanla birlikte bir basamağı da içerisinde barındırmaktadır ki o da akademik anlamda “yetişme ve olgunlaşma” kelimeleriyle tasvir edilebilir. Bu minvalde çalışmaların yazarlardan kaynaklı-birçok defa çeşitli vesilelerle revize edilmesine rağmen-sorunları hoş görülmesi gerektiği kanaatindeyiz. Zira yazmak bir düşünsel sürecin ürünü olmakla birlikte, tekâmül bağlamında yazınsal bir sürecin de ürünüdür. Bu çerçeveden hareketle yazma cesareti gösteren yazarlara cesaretlerinden ve süreçteki nezaketlerinden ötürü teşekkür ederiz. Bundan sonra yapacakları çalışmalar için zihin açıcı bir başlangıç ve akademik hayatlarında daha fazla çalışmak noktasında heyecan verici bir tecrübe olması dileriz.Article Latest Remaining the Muslims (Moorish) in Andalusia Exile From Spain (1609-1614)(Dinbilimleri Akad Arastirma Merkezi, 2013) Bilgin, Feridun; Bilgin, Feridun; 02.14. Department of History / Tarih Bölümü; 02. Faculty of Letters / Edebiyat Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu ÜniversitesiAfter the Muslim conquest of Spain (93/711) the movement of Reconquista (reconquer spain) which is started by cristians, had important successes with the occupation of important Muslim cities such as Toledo (478/1085), Cordoba (634/1236) and Seville (646/1248). Because of this movement the Muslims of Andalus who were gradually losing their power lost altogether their military and political hegemony in Spain with the occupation of Granada (898/1492), the capital of the Nasrids. Some time later (905/1499) the church set up the Inquisition and Spanish rule in order that the Muslims (Moriscos) who had in their own fatherland been reduced to pariah status took up the Catholic religion. In the royal orders that were being published everything that had to do with Islam and Muslims was forbidden and the churches continued with their teaching and education activities and the Inquisition courts with their trials and persecutions in order to punish the "apostates". At the end of the processes of persuasion, persecution, deportation and punishment the belief that the Muslims who were forced to pretend were not sufficiently assimilated, that they kept their distance as regards integration into Christian society and that they made common cause with the enemies of Spain (Ottomans, France and North African dynasts) led to an event of mass exile (1018/1609) that can be characterised as the most merciless and immoral process of the seventeenth century. The exile (expulsion) not only dragged Spain into financial, social and economic chaos but also was a tragedy for the about 340.000 Muslims who were drived out by force from their homes and resulted in the loss of life of tens of thousands during the journey and in the areas where they settled.Article Citation - WoS: 5Citation - Scopus: 3Showing one's true colours: Patriarch Methodios on the morally improving effect of sacred images(ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2016) Krausmüller, DirkThis brief article makes the case that Patriarch Methodios developed a distinctive icon theology. He argued that the saints had infused the colours of their faces with their holy essence and that these colours when separated from the bodies and transferred to images could thus lead to the moral improvement of the onlookers.Book Review Citation - Scopus: 2John of phoberos, a 12th-century monastic founder, and his saints: Luke of mesembria and symeon of the wondrous mountain(Societe des Bollandistes, 2016) Krausmüller, DirkLe moine Jean, abbé du monastère de Phoberos et auteur d’une règle monastique, tenait deux saints en haute estime, à savoir son prédécesseur Luc de Messembria et le stylite et abbé Syméon le Jeune (VIe s.). Si son rapport avec Luc peut se comprendre aisément, la vénération de Jean pour Syméon est, quant à elle, plus surprenante. Elle s’explique probablement par les activités littéraires des moines de la Sainte-Montagne, près d’Antioche, qui firent tout pour promouvoir leur saint patron.Article Emergence of the Anti-Kemalist Movement in the South Marmara: Governor of Izmit Cule Ibrahim Hakki Bey and the Circassian Congress(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2020) Yelbasi, CanerThe civil war between the Ankara and Ottoman governments between 1920 and 1921 deepened the split among bureaucrats and the military, the two parties supporting the rival governments. After attaining military power, Ankara expanded its control almost to Istanbul, arresting or coercing those statesman who had previously sided with the Ottoman government. The Governor of Izmit, cule Ibrahim Hakki Bey, was one of these. His activities over a few short years completely altered Ankara's policy towards the Circassians of the South Marmara region. His aim was to establish a society based on the self-determination rights espoused under Wilsonian Principles, to enable the Circassians to elevate their national aspirations. This article firstly examines the motivations of the anti-nationalist Circassians, particularly discussing the activities of cule Ibrahim Hakki Bey. Secondly it demonstrates how the anti-nationalists established an association, sought foreign support and declared their independence from both the nationalist government of Ankara and the Ottoman government of Istanbul.Book Makalelerle Mardin: tarih-coğrafya(Mardin Tarihi İhtisas Kütüphanesi, 2007) Özcoşar, İbrahimMardin'in farklı yönlerini, akademisyen ve araştırmacıların bakış açısıyla tanıtmak, bilinmeyen yönlerini gün ışığına çıkarmak, yıllardır zihnimizi meşgul eden bir projeydi. Böyle bir çalışma için kendi alanlarında uzman 100e yakın akademisyen ve araştırmacının çalışmalarının bir araya getirilmesi, çok zor ve uzun vadeli bir iş gibi görünmekteydi. Mayıs 2006'da düzenlediğimiz "1.Uluslararasi Mardin Tarihi Sempozyumu" bize bu projeyi uygulayabileceğimizi gösterdi. Bu çalışma sırasında çok farklı alanlarda birbirinden değerli akademisyen ve araştırmacıların Mardin'in farklı yönlerini araştırdıklarını veya araştırmaya hazır olduklarını gördük. Bu çalışmaların bir arada toplanması teklifimizi kabul eden akademisyen ve araştırmacıların, Mardin ile ilgili farklı alanlarda yaptıkları bilimsel çalışmalarını bu dört kitapta bir araya getirdik.Book Book Merkezileşme sürecinde bir taşra kenti: Mardin (1800-1900)(Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi, 2009) Özcoşar, İbrahimMardin, asrın başından beri hasretini çektiğini üniversitesine kavuştu. Bu üniversite kendine, genelinde'Medeniyetler Üniversitesi', özelinde Şarkiyat Enstitüsü'hedeflerini koyarak, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti üniversite sisteminin şiddetle ihtiyaç duyduğu'Sosyal Bilimler Üniversitesi'ufkuyla hummalı bir faaliyete girişti. Elinizdeki kıymetli eser, Şarkiyat Enstitüsü hazırlık faaliyetlerindeki ilk yayınımız olma onurunu taşıyor.Article Citation - Scopus: 1Reconfiguring the trinity: Symeon the new theologian on the 'holy spirit' and the imago trinitatis(2011) Krausmüller, DirkThis article challenges the widespread view that the Byzantine theological discourse was averse to innovation and confined to restating official doctrine. It makes the case that the mystic Symeon the New Theologian constructed an alternative Trinity where the Spirit as the third hypostasis besides the Father and the Son is equated not with the product of the Father, which is suppressed, but with the common divine nature, and where this new third hypostasis is placed before the other two hypostases, which it is said to engender.Article Citation - Scopus: 8At the resurrection we will not recognise one another': Radical devaluation of social relations in the lost model of anastasius' and pseudo-athanasius' questions and answers(2013) Krausmüller, DirkThe three centuries between 550 and 850 witnessed a debate about the state of human beings after the resurrection. The author of a now lost collection of Questions and Answers asserted that all resurrected would look like Christ in his thirtieth year and who made the further claim that without distinguishing characteristics it would be impossible for the resurrected to recognise people whom they had known during their earthly lives. This article reconstructs the debate surrounding this theory and identifies the factors that led to its emergence. © 2013 by Byzantion. All rights reserved.Article Citation - Scopus: 17The vitae b, c and a of theodore the stoudite: Their interrelation, dates, authors and significance for the history of the stoudios monastery in the tenth Century(Societe des Bollandistes, 2013) Krausmüller, DirkL’article entend démontrer que la Vita C de Théodore Stoudite est une métaphrase de la Vita B et que la Vita A s’avère, de son côté, être un remaniement de la Vita C. Le style littéraire, l’auteur, la date et la motivation de ces trois textes sont ensuite examinés.
