Turizm Fakültesi

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Citation - WoS: 32
Citation - Scopus: 50
Case Study as a Research Method in Hospitality and Tourism Research: a Systematic Literature Review (1974-2020)
(Sage Publications inc, 2021) Cakar, Kadir; Aykol, Sehmus
This systematic literature review aimed to investigate the use of case study method in hospitality and tourism research to increase the awareness about the use of case study as a research method. Data were collected (n = 871) from 10 leading hospitality and tourism journals published between 1974 and 2020. A thematic analysis of the data was conducted using Leximancer as a computer-aided analysis software. The study findings reveal an overall mislabel and misuse of the case study method. Suggestions are provided to improve case study method applications and increase case study research for more theory development in hospitality and tourism research.
Citation - WoS: 101
Citation - Scopus: 127
A conceptual framework of the service delivery system design for hospitality firms in the (post-)viral world: The role of service robots
(International Journal of Hospitality Management, 2020) Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Ivanov, Stanislav
This study aims to develop a conceptual framework of the service delivery system design for hospitality firms in the (post-)viral world. Several theoretical approaches such as resource-based view, value chain analysis, stakeholder theory, PESTEL analysis, positioning strategy, and service delivery system design were adopted. The paper identified three service delivery system designs (robotic, human-based, and mixed) and analyses their requirements, advantages, disadvantages, and potential target markets. According to the suggested model, hospitality firms need first to explore the expectations of tourists. Then comes the analysis phase (based on a holistic perspective, and consisting of RBV, Value chain, Stakeholder, and PESTEL analyses), which helps hospitality firms to identify how they should differentiate and position themselves in the market. Following, companies decide on what kind of service delivery system they should offer to their target customers, and position themselves in the market according to the chosen system.
Citation - WoS: 42
Citation - Scopus: 61
Critical success factors for tourist destination governance in times of crisis: a case study of Antalya, Turkey
(ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2018) Cakar, Kadir
The aim of this paper is to identify the critical success factors for the development of crisis management and strategy for the governance of the tourist destination of Antalya, Turkey. Data was obtained from in situ interviews, participant observation, and documentation. Interviews were conducted with the main tourism stakeholders representing both public and private sectors in Antalya. Findings show that the critical success factors of responsiveness, shared roles, strategy formation, and collaboration are vital for effective crisis management. The study also highlighted the fact that in the area of shared roles and collaboration, encompassing the characteristics of coordination, communication, cooperation, and knowledge transfer, stakeholders are proving ineffectual, thereby obstructing the development of necessary strategies for crisis management and the recovery process. Further, ineffective governance, adopted by local stakeholders, has had a substantial negative impact on the process of developing future effective crisis management strategies.
Citation - WoS: 6
Citation - Scopus: 8
Dimensions of (post-)viral tourism revival: actions and strategies from the perspectives of policymakers in Portugal
(Taylor & Francis Online, 2021) Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Costa, Carlos; Malta, Ana Maria
This research explores the dimensions of (post-)viral tourism revival from the perspectives of policymakers in Portugal. Accordingly, the data were collected through semi-structured interviews with policymakers representing Portugal’s regional and national level tourism organisations. The findings include six main themes: financial actions, structural and logical strategies, demand-related strategies, workforce aspects and actions, marketing and promoting strategies, and optimization of funds. By providing the necessary actions and strategies, the present study results will be helpful for destinations to develop effective crisis management planning in the (post-)viral tourism to revive. Additionally, this paper is the first to reveal in detail the dimensions of (post-)viral tourism revival from the perspectives of policymakers who are in significant positions of regional and national level tourism organizations. Thence, the findings are original and will contribute to the tourism literature.
Citation - Scopus: 6
Discovering cities with peer-to-peer local-guided bike tours: tourists’ experiences and perceptions
(Taylor & Francis Online, 2022) Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Atsız, Ozan
This study explores tourists’ experiences and perceptions of peer-to-peer (P2P) local-guided bike tours using a netnography approach. The content of reviews of tourists regarding P2P local-guided bike tours offered by a sharing economy platform–Withlocals–in different destinations was analysed. The results show that tourists’ experiences of P2P local-guided bike tours include discovery, hedonic, safety and comfort, edutainment, local interaction, and memorable aspects. In addition, tourists perceive P2P local-guided bike tours in various ways. Our findings illustrate that P2P local-guided bike tours can be defined as engaging activities that provide multidimensional and rich experiences and help explore a destination. Due to the lack of research on P2P local-guided bike tours and the increasing demand by tourists for these tours, this study fills the gap by exploring tourists’ P2P local-guided bike tour experiences and perceptions. Furthermore, although this research will guide scholars and practitioners, future studies could shed more light on the subject.
Citation - WoS: 10
Citation - Scopus: 8
Double-edged perspectives on service robots: working with robots and robots’ future career impacts
(Taylor & Francis Online, 2022) Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Atsız, Ozan; Taş, Sedat; Kaya, Fazıl
This study investigates the perspectives of undergraduate tourism and hospitality students on working with robots and the influence of the widespread use of robots on future careers. Accordingly, interviews were conducted with thirty students. The findings include two main categories: working with robots in the tourism and hospitality industry (advantages of working with robots, disadvantages of working with robots, and willingness to work with or implement robots) and future career impacts of the widespread use of robots (threatening human employment, reducing the motivation toward working in the industry, unfair competition between humans and robots, negative psychological impact/feeling of being less skilled than robots, and giving up/changing the industry). This research contributes to the literature by revealing the dimensions of working with robots and the future career impacts of the widespread use of robots. A model of future career impacts of the widespread use of robots was also proposed.
Equal Employment Opportunity and Diversity in Restaurant Labor: Perspectives of Restaurant Employees and Managers in the USA
(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2024) Seyitoglu, Faruk; Atsiz, Ozan; Acar, Aysegul
PurposeThis study was designed to contribute to the extant literature by discovering the perceptions of restaurant employees and managers toward equal opportunities in restaurant labor and working in a diversity-rich restaurant work environment.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative research approach was utilized. Through in-depth interviews, data were collected purposefully from restaurant workers in different positions (e.g. managers, servers, chefs and cooks) in the USA.FindingsAs a result of content analysis, different perspectives emerged on equal employment opportunity and diversity in restaurant labor. While some employees and managers believe that restaurant labor has equal employment opportunities, others think there is a lack of equal employment opportunity and partial equal employment opportunity in the industry. Most participants perceive working in a diversity-rich restaurant work environment as beneficial (an opportunity to learn about different cultures and an opportunity to learn different experiences and approaches).Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to explore employees' and managers' perceptions of equal employment opportunity and diversity in the hospitality labor context, specifically restaurant labor. Therefore, the research findings will create value for scholars to understand the view on equal employment opportunity and diversity in restaurant labor. Further, it will assist practitioners in designing their labor structure regarding equal employment opportunity and diversity management for the future.
Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 5
Exploring the dimensions of traditional breakfast experience: A netnography study
(Varna University of Management, 2024) Kodaş, Davut
The primary aim of this paper is to explore the dimensions of traditional breakfast experience of international tourists visiting Istanbul. To achieve this aim, the netnography approach, which is a qualitative study method, was performed using the User-Generated Content (UGC) technique. The data were gathered in July 2022 from TripAdvisor platform and were sequenced from the latest to the earliest reviews (n=1184). The results of this study demonstrated that the traditional breakfast experience has six major components: authenticity, memorability, novelty, local hospitality, food attributes, togetherness, and social interactions. Significant theoretical and managerial implications were discussed.
Citation - WoS: 8
Citation - Scopus: 7
The future of restaurant labour: evidence from the U.S. restaurants
(Routledge, 2023) Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Atsız, Ozan; Acar, Ayşegül
This study contributes to the literature by delving into the perspectives of restaurant employees and managers in the USA about the future of restaurant labour. Through a qualitative research approach, we conducted 25 semi-structured interviews with employees and managers. The findings reveal the challenges of restaurant labour, including high turnover rates due to long hours and working during holidays and weekends, lack of work-life balance, and high levels of stress and pressure on employees. The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the future of restaurant labour are extracted as restaurant operations-related, management-related, employee-related, and patron-related impacts. Finally, this research highlights the requirements for the future of restaurant labour, which are requirements to enhance the quality of working conditions and decrease the turnover rate and requirements to sustain in the restaurant industry as an employee.
Citation - WoS: 14
Citation - Scopus: 22
The future of tourism and hospitality labour: challenges, requirements, trends, skills and the impact of technology
(Routledge, 2023) Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Costa, Carlos; Martins, Mariana; Malta, Ana Maria
This study was designed to fill two main research gaps: the need for a multidimensional perspective on the future of tourism and hospitality (T&H) labour and the lack of studies from the perspectives of key stakeholders who are representatives of tourism organisations and involved in policymaking. Therefore, it unveils the perceptions of policymakers responsible for tourism organisations in Portugal towards the future of T&H labour. Following an exploratory qualitative case study approach based on semi-structured interviews with eleven policymakers, the results illustrate that the most prominent challenges that the COVID-19 pandemic created are the damage to practical ability, finding a skilled and experienced workforce, and attracting tourism labour back to the sector. However, there are some requirements to overcome such challenges in the future. Moreover, future trends and skills for T&H employment were revealed as new working models, digitisation and robotisation, and the expected skills such as management, analytical, digital marketing, and customer behaviour analysis. Finally, technology was found to have positive and negative impacts on T&H employment. The results and implications will benefit Portugal and different destinations in understanding the dimensions of T&H labour for the future and developing future actions, strategies and policies.
Citation - WoS: 147
Citation - Scopus: 184
Hotel Managers' Perceptions Towards the Use of Robots: a Mixed-Methods Approach
(Springer Heidelberg, 2020) Seyitoglu, Faruk; Markova, Martina; Ivanov, Stanislav
Adopting a supply-side perspective, the paper analyses Bulgarian hotel managers' perceptions of service robots using a convergent mixed methods design. Structured quantitative data were collected from 79 managers using a questionnaire, while interviews were used for the collection of qualitative data from 20 managers. The findings indicate respondents feel that repetitive, dirty, dull, and dangerous tasks in hotels would be more appropriate for robots, while hotel managers would rather use employees for tasks that require social skills and emotional intelligence. The individual characteristics of respondents and the organisational characteristics of the hotels they currently worked in played little role in their perceptions of service robots. The managers considered that robots would decrease the quality of the service and were generally not ready to use robots. Additionally, the interviewees indicated that skilled and well-trained employees were more valuable and more adequate than robots for the hospitality and tourism industry. Theoretical and managerial implications are provided as well.
Citation - WoS: 15
A netnography approach on the daily local-guided shopping tour experiences of travellers: An unexplored facet of the sharing economy
(Sage Journals, 2022) Atsız, Ozan; Seyitoğlu, Faruk
This research explores the travellers’ experience of daily local-guided shopping tours offered in a sharing economy platform-Withlocals using a netnography approach. Reviews of travellers participating in daily local-guided shopping tours in different destinations were gathered, and their content was analysed. As a result, seven main components of experiences of daily-local guided shopping tours revealed: guide, shopping companion, learning, hedonic experience, memorable experience, local interaction, and shop characteristics. The study substantially contributes to the shopping experience and sharing economy literature by providing a deep understanding of travellers’ shopping experiences in the local guided tours organised through sharing economy platforms.
Citation - WoS: 1
Overtourism: Tourism Management and Solutions
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2021) ÇAKAR, Kadir
In recent years, many tourism destinations have faced the problem known as “overtourism”, including several European destinations that face critical issues in developing solutions to cope with the issues they experience. Cities ensure visitors have a wide variety of facilities to interest them, but this can result in attracting too many tourists (Koens, Postma, & Papp, 2018), resulting in significant pressures and rapid urbanisation. The recent growth of tourism in urban areas has brought about a substantially increased demand for urban tourism (UNWTO, 2018). The overtourism phenomenon is defined by Milano, Cheer, and Novelli (2018) as, “the excessive growth of visitors leading to overcrowding in areas where residents suffer the consequences of temporary and seasonal tourism peaks, which have enforced permanent changes to their lifestyles, access to amenities and well-being”. As a result, a drastic shift has been seen in the perceptions of local people of tourism in many destinations due to mass tourism, which has become a significant problem for local residents who react by protesting in the streets (Goodwin, 2017).
Citation - WoS: 7
Citation - Scopus: 10
The past of tourist behaviour in hospitality and tourism in difficult times: a systematic review of literature (1978-2020)
(Emerald, 2022) Çakar, Kadir; Aykol, Şehmus
Purpose The purpose of this study is to fill a gap in literature with a meta-analysis of previous studies assessing the decision-making processes of travellers when choosing holiday destinations in times of crisis. Design/methodology/approach This study presents here an abductive analysis of the findings of 737 peer-reviewed studies published in leading hospitality and tourism journals between 1978 and 2020. The studies in question concentrate on tourist typologies and behaviours when making destination choices in times of crisis, and the garnered data was subjected to a computer-aided data analysis adopting a thematic analysis technique, making use of Leximancer software. Findings The data was subjected to a thematic analysis and clustered under five main categories based on the distribution of articles by publication year, research topic, author contributions, articles by journal and articles by country (e.g. tourist typology, travellers' decision-making, holiday decision-making, tourist decision-making, destination choice, traveller behaviour and vacation decision-making). Research limitations/implications The limitations of this study include its inclusion only of articles listed in the SCOPUS, Web of Science and ScienceDirect databases. This study makes a critical assessment of the current gaps in literature and proposes questions to be raised in future studies. Originality/value This study proposes several topics for future investigation that are considered necessary to close crucial gaps in our understanding of the tourism sector's response to behavioural trends. The authors' intention in this regard is to increase the scholarly awareness of decision-making models relevant to destination choice by linking tourist typologies and the behaviour exhibited before, during and after crises.
Citation - WoS: 16
Citation - Scopus: 29
Robots and emotional intelligence: A thematic analysis
(Elsevier, 2024) Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Ivanov, Stanislav
The research on emotional intelligence in social robots is growing. This paper provides a thematic analysis of the studies on robots and emotional intelligence, synthesising and evaluating current knowledge and research topics. In addition, based on the thematic analysis of the studies, it also provides a conceptual framework explaining the emotional intelligence of robots that includes both actors (human and robot) in a human-robot interaction setting. The findings are based on the analysis of 252 studies published until the end of 2022 and indexed in the Scopus database. The results unveiled two main themes (robot design-technical developments and characteristics and human-robot interaction), including sub-themes and topics that emerged in the literature. Finally, the themes and sub-themes were evaluated through a critical discussion to develop a conceptual framework for robots and emotional intelligence.
Citation - WoS: 55
Citation - Scopus: 71
Robots as restaurant employees - A double-barrelled detective story
(Elsevier, 2021) Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Ivanov, Stanislav; Atsız, Ozan; Çifçi, İbrahim
The paper evaluates the perceptions of Turkish restaurant managers and customers towards service robots. The sample includes 26 managers and 32 customers. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal that robots are suitable for dirty, dull, dangerous and repetitive tasks. Customers have mostly positive attitudes towards robots while managers – mostly negative. However, respondents agree that robots improve service quality. A mixed service delivery system based on human-robot collaboration is perceived as the most appropriate. Customers are willing to pay more for the robotic service experience. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed as well.
Citation - WoS: 22
Citation - Scopus: 25
The role of trust in tourists’ motivation to participate in co-creation
(Emerald, 2023) Kodaş, Betül; Resat Arıca, Cihan Cobanoglu, M. Omar Parvez, Viput Ongsakul and Valentina Della Corte; Arıca, Resat; Ongsakul, Viput; Parvez, M. Omar; Cobanoglu, Cihan; Della Corte, Valentina
Purpose – Intention to re-participate in co-creation (IRCC) is an essential indication of customers to their deal proneness. Therefore, this study aims to focus on the role of trust in the relationship between tourists’ motivation for IRCC activities and the perceived service outputs in the tourism research. Design/methodology/approach – This study applies a quantitative method approach to achieve perceptions into this unfamiliar phenomenon of IRCC. A total of 305 valid questionnaires were collected from October 10 to October 30, 2020 in Istanbul, then analyzed with covariance-based structural equation modeling using the linear structural relations (LISREL) software package. Findings – The findings of the study showed that the tourists’ IRCC is categorized under four factors: learning benefit, social interaction benefit, hedonic benefit and financial benefit. In the context of IRCC, organizational trust partially mediates the relationship between tourist intention and deal proneness motivation for IRRC. Research limitations/implications – The scope of research was limited to domestic tourists visiting Istanbul. Research must be conducted on tourists visiting other destinations and who differ in terms of cultural features to make assessments on a larger scale. Furthermore, when considering that co-creation is the consequence of the collaboration between the business and the customers, researching businesses’ initiatives based on promoting the participation in co-creation will make a contribution both for the managers and to the literature to formalize the co-creation process. In addition, social networks are one of the main platforms where tourists motivation to participate in co-creation, but tourists can both create and destroy value on social media regarding the businesses and touristic experience. In this respect, future research should analyze tourists’ motivation elements that urge them to co-create and codestroy value on social networks, contributing to understanding and evaluating the co-creation process in all aspects. Practical implications – In contrast with prior research, this study offers a model that integrates the antecedents and consequences of the IRCC process. In this perception, insight tourist motivational factors to IRCC activities provides a path for tourism businesses to strategically manage their activities. This study mostly uncovers the role of organizational trust positively in effect the re-participation. Originality/value – IRCC is an issue that should be evaluated with its antecedents and outputs. In the literature, several studies evaluate co-creation outputs but research on antecedents promoting IRCC is limited. In this study, the antecedents (motivation to re-participate) and outputs of co-creation (trust and perceived benefit) are evaluated together
Citation - WoS: 17
Citation - Scopus: 29
A scenario planning framework for the (post-)pandemic tourism in European destinations
(Taylor & Francis Online, 2022) Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Costa, Carlos
Based on some presumptions or conditions to portray the future, scenario planning is a vital tool for scholarly evaluation of uncertainties and forming supportive strategies. Moreover, seeing that the course of the Covid-19 pandemic and the success of herd immunity is still not predictable, the world should be prepared for different future scenarios. In this vein, this study was designed to develop a scenario planning framework for the (post-)pandemic tourism in European destinations to make assumptions for the future and provide the necessary strategies. According to our scenarios, we suggest strategies comprising six main categories (financial strategies, travellers’ expectations and confidence, coordination and collaboration, employment, (post-)pandemic tourism marketing, and sustainable (post-) pandemic tourism) for policymakers, destination managers, stakeholders, and practitioners in European destinations. To the best of our knowledge, this research is the first that presents a comprehensive scenario planning framework for (post-)pandemic tourism in European destinations. Thus, it can play a reference role in understanding the different circumstances and determining the specific strategies to recover or re-design the industry in the (post-)pandemic epoch.
Citation - WoS: 31
Citation - Scopus: 36
Service robots and perceived discrimination in tourism and hospitality
(ScienceDirect, 2023) Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Ivanov, Stanislav
This study explores the influences of the incorporation of service robots in the service delivery systems of tourism and hospitality companies on the perceived discrimination of tourists and tourism employees. In doing so, a conceptual framework is proposed to explain the relationships between robots-based service delivery systems in tourism and hospitality (e.g., fully robotised and mixed service delivery systems) and discrimination. This paper demonstrates that although service robots may be advantageous in eliminating/mitigating perceived discrimination (from employees to tourists, tourists to tourists, tourists to employees, employer/employee to employee), using robots can also create or aggravate perceived discrimination. Though this study is the first attempt on the subject and presents beneficial knowledge for tourism and hospitality service providers and service robot designers, future empirical studies could shed more light on the relationship between robots-based service delivery systems and discrimination in the tourism and hospitality context.
Citation - WoS: 143
Citation - Scopus: 163
Service robots as a tool for physical distancing in tourism
(Current Issues in Tourism, 2021) Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Ivanov, Stanislav
COVID-19 pandemic is affecting negatively the tourism and hospitality industry. As people must avoid physical interaction, service robots can be a useful tool to ensure a high level of physical social distance during the epidemic. This paper discusses whether the application of service robots to provide physical distance in the tourism and hospitality context is going to be beneficial or there will be side effects as well. The paper posits that service robots create a technological shield between tourists and employees that increases the physical and emotional distance between them.

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